diff --git a/crates/oa-desktop/src/app.rs b/crates/oa-desktop/src/app.rs
index 8859132a..87ea4a63 100644
--- a/crates/oa-desktop/src/app.rs
+++ b/crates/oa-desktop/src/app.rs
@@ -3290,6 +3290,52 @@ impl App {
                 id,
             ));
         }
+        // Refining a leaf moves its explicit responsibilities to the new leaf.
+        // Later children inherit only the existing unambiguous performer summary.
+        if self.create_kind.is_work()
+            && let Some(owner) = parent
+            && self
+                .project()
+                .elements
+                .get(&owner)
+                .is_some_and(|e| e.layer() == self.layer && e.kind() == self.create_kind)
+        {
+            let performer = oa_core::validation::allocation_summary(self.project(), owner);
+            let leaf = !self
+                .project()
+                .children(owner)
+                .any(|e| e.kind() == self.create_kind);
+            let responsibilities: Vec<_> = self
+                .project()
+                .relations
+                .values()
+                .filter(|r| {
+                    r.target() == owner
+                        && matches!(
+                            r.kind(),
+                            RelationKind::Allocation | RelationKind::RoleAssignment
+                        )
+                })
+                .collect();
+            if leaf && !responsibilities.is_empty() {
+                for original in responsibilities {
+                    let mut responsibility = original.clone();
+                    match &mut responsibility.body {
+                        RelationBody::Allocation { target, .. }
+                        | RelationBody::RoleAssignment { target, .. } => *target = id,
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    }
+                    commands.push(Command::EditRelation(original.id, responsibility));
+                }
+            } else if let Some(performer) = performer {
+                commands.push(Command::Connect(
+                    RelationKind::Allocation,
+                    "Performs".into(),
+                    performer,
+                    id,
+                ));
+            }
+        }
         if self.create_kind == Kind::Occurrence
             && let Some(owner) = parent.and_then(|id| self.project().elements.get(&id))
             && let Some(steps) = owner.steps()
@@ -3307,19 +3353,13 @@ impl App {
                 .get(&diagram)
                 .is_none_or(|d| d.projection.includes(self.create_kind))
         {
-            let mut p = self.project().clone();
-            for command in &commands {
-                if let Command::CreateDiagram(d) = command {
-                    p.diagrams.insert(d.id, d.clone());
+            let mut p = match execute_batch(self.project(), &commands) {
+                Ok(candidate) => candidate,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    self.status = error.to_string();
+                    return;
                 }
-            }
-            p.elements.insert(
-                id,
-                match &commands[0] {
-                    Command::CreateElement(e) => e.clone(),
-                    _ => unreachable!(),
-                },
-            );
+            };
             let owner = if allocated {
                 Some(self.selected)
             } else {
diff --git a/crates/oa-desktop/src/tests.rs b/crates/oa-desktop/src/tests.rs
index fe0476fd..23f7e16e 100644
--- a/crates/oa-desktop/src/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/oa-desktop/src/tests.rs
@@ -1663,3 +1663,388 @@ fn adding_bend_between_close_ports_stays_outside_owner_clearance() {
         }]
     );
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn child_work_preserves_allocated_context_and_atomic_history() {
+    use oa_core::projection::project_view;
+    for (layer, performer_kind, work_kind) in [
+        (Layer::Oa, Kind::Entity, Kind::Activity),
+        (Layer::Sa, Kind::System, Kind::Function),
+    ] {
+        for folded in [false, true] {
+            let mut p = Project::empty();
+            let performer = p
+                .add_element(performer_kind, layer, "Performer", None)
+                .unwrap();
+            let work = p
+                .add_element(work_kind, layer, "Parent work", None)
+                .unwrap();
+            let allocation = p.relate(
+                RelationKind::Allocation,
+                "Engineering assignment",
+                performer,
+                work,
+            );
+            p.relations.get_mut(&allocation).unwrap().description =
+                "Retain assignment metadata".into();
+            let original = p.relations[&allocation].clone();
+            let diagram = p.ensure_diagram(layer);
+            p.diagrams.get_mut(&diagram).unwrap().projection = ProjectionKind::Allocation;
+            let performer_node = p.place(diagram, performer, Position { x: 60., y: 60. });
+            let work_node = p.place(diagram, work, Position { x: 84., y: 124. });
+            p = execute_batch(&p, &[Command::Layout(diagram)]).unwrap();
+            for node in [performer_node, work_node] {
+                p.diagrams
+                    .get_mut(&diagram)
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .nodes
+                    .get_mut(&node)
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .collapsed = folded;
+            }
+            let mut app = App::with_project(p);
+            send(&mut app, Message::Layer(layer));
+            send(&mut app, Message::Page(Page::Diagram));
+            send(
+                &mut app,
+                Message::Diagram(crate::app::Choice {
+                    id: diagram,
+                    label: String::new(),
+                }),
+            );
+            let mut first = None;
+            for step in 0..3 {
+                let parent = if step == 2 { first.unwrap() } else { work };
+                send(&mut app, Message::Select(parent));
+                let before = app.project().clone();
+                let before_source = app.document.bundle().clone();
+                send(&mut app, Message::CreateContextElement(work_kind, true));
+                let created = app.selected;
+                assert!(
+                    !before.elements.contains_key(&created),
+                    "{layer:?} step {step}: {}",
+                    app.status
+                );
+                assert_eq!(app.project().elements.len(), before.elements.len() + 1);
+                assert_eq!(app.project().elements[&created].parent, Some(parent));
+                for (id, element) in &before.elements {
+                    assert_eq!(&app.project().elements[id], element);
+                }
+                assert!(
+                    !oa_core::validation::validate(app.project())
+                        .iter()
+                        .any(|i| i.severity == oa_core::validation::Severity::Error)
+                );
+                assert_eq!(
+                    oa_core::validation::allocation_summary(app.project(), work),
+                    Some(performer)
+                );
+                assert_eq!(
+                    oa_core::validation::effective_performer(app.project(), created),
+                    Some(performer)
+                );
+                assert!(
+                    !app.project()
+                        .relations
+                        .values()
+                        .any(|r| r.kind() == RelationKind::Allocation && r.target() == parent)
+                );
+                if step != 1 {
+                    let mut expected = original.clone();
+                    if let RelationBody::Allocation { target, .. } = &mut expected.body {
+                        *target = created;
+                    }
+                    assert_eq!(app.project().relations[&allocation], expected);
+                } else {
+                    assert_eq!(
+                        app.project().relations[&allocation],
+                        before.relations[&allocation]
+                    );
+                }
+                assert_eq!(
+                    app.project().relations.len(),
+                    before.relations.len() + usize::from(step == 1)
+                );
+                let view = project_view(app.project(), diagram);
+                let parent_node = view.nodes.iter().find(|n| n.element == parent).unwrap();
+                let child_node = view.nodes.iter().find(|n| n.element == created).unwrap();
+                let root_node = view.nodes.iter().find(|n| n.element == work).unwrap();
+                assert_eq!(root_node.visual_parent, Some(performer_node));
+                assert_eq!(child_node.visual_parent, Some(parent_node.id));
+                assert!(!app.project().diagrams[&diagram].nodes[&performer_node].collapsed);
+                assert!(!app.project().diagrams[&diagram].nodes[&parent_node.id].collapsed);
+                assert!(child_node.position.x >= parent_node.position.x);
+                assert!(child_node.position.y >= parent_node.position.y + 64.);
+                assert!(
+                    child_node.position.x + child_node.size.width
+                        <= parent_node.position.x + parent_node.size.width
+                );
+                assert!(
+                    child_node.position.y + child_node.size.height
+                        <= parent_node.position.y + parent_node.size.height
+                );
+                for sibling in view
+                    .nodes
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|n| n.visual_parent == Some(parent_node.id) && n.id != child_node.id)
+                {
+                    assert!(sibling.position.y + sibling.size.height <= child_node.position.y);
+                }
+                let after = app.project().clone();
+                let after_source = app.document.bundle().clone();
+                send(&mut app, Message::Undo);
+                assert_eq!(
+                    app.project(),
+                    &before,
+                    "creation, allocation and reveal/reflow undo together"
+                );
+                assert_eq!(app.document.bundle(), &before_source);
+                send(&mut app, Message::Redo);
+                assert_eq!(app.project(), &after);
+                assert_eq!(app.document.bundle(), &after_source);
+                if step == 0 {
+                    first = Some(created);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn child_work_does_not_invent_unallocated_or_mixed_performers() {
+    for (layer, performer_kind, other_kind, work_kind) in [
+        (Layer::Oa, Kind::Entity, Kind::Entity, Kind::Activity),
+        (Layer::Sa, Kind::System, Kind::SystemActor, Kind::Function),
+    ] {
+        // Root leaf, partly unallocated composite, and mixed-performer composite.
+        for context in 0..3 {
+            let mut p = Project::empty();
+            let performer = p
+                .add_element(performer_kind, layer, "Performer", None)
+                .unwrap();
+            let other = p
+                .add_element(other_kind, layer, "Other performer", None)
+                .unwrap();
+            let work = p
+                .add_element(work_kind, layer, "Parent work", None)
+                .unwrap();
+            let mut placed = vec![performer, other, work];
+            if context != 0 {
+                let first = p
+                    .add_element(work_kind, layer, "First leaf", Some(work))
+                    .unwrap();
+                let second = p
+                    .add_element(work_kind, layer, "Second leaf", Some(work))
+                    .unwrap();
+                p.relate(
+                    RelationKind::Allocation,
+                    "First assignment",
+                    performer,
+                    first,
+                );
+                if context == 2 {
+                    p.relate(RelationKind::Allocation, "Other assignment", other, second);
+                }
+                placed.extend([first, second]);
+            }
+            assert_eq!(oa_core::validation::allocation_summary(&p, work), None);
+            let diagram = p.ensure_diagram(layer);
+            p.diagrams.get_mut(&diagram).unwrap().projection = ProjectionKind::Allocation;
+            for id in placed {
+                p.place(diagram, id, Position { x: 60., y: 60. });
+            }
+            p = execute_batch(&p, &[Command::Layout(diagram)]).unwrap();
+            let mut app = App::with_project(p);
+            send(&mut app, Message::Layer(layer));
+            send(&mut app, Message::Page(Page::Diagram));
+            send(
+                &mut app,
+                Message::Diagram(crate::app::Choice {
+                    id: diagram,
+                    label: String::new(),
+                }),
+            );
+            send(&mut app, Message::Select(work));
+            let before = app.project().clone();
+            let before_source = app.document.bundle().clone();
+            send(&mut app, Message::CreateContextElement(work_kind, true));
+            let child = app.selected;
+            assert!(!before.elements.contains_key(&child), "{}", app.status);
+            assert_eq!(app.project().elements[&child].parent, Some(work));
+            assert_eq!(app.project().relations, before.relations);
+            assert_eq!(
+                oa_core::validation::effective_performer(app.project(), child),
+                None
+            );
+            assert_eq!(
+                oa_core::validation::allocation_summary(app.project(), work),
+                None
+            );
+            let after = app.project().clone();
+            let after_source = app.document.bundle().clone();
+            send(&mut app, Message::Undo);
+            assert_eq!(app.project(), &before);
+            assert_eq!(app.document.bundle(), &before_source);
+            send(&mut app, Message::Redo);
+            assert_eq!(app.project(), &after);
+            assert_eq!(app.document.bundle(), &after_source);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn child_work_transfers_leaf_roles_without_fabricating_responsibilities() {
+    // Direct allocation + matching roles, uniquely realized roles only,
+    // unresolved roles, and roles realized by different performers.
+    for context in 0..4 {
+        let mut p = Project::empty();
+        let performer = p
+            .add_element(Kind::Entity, Layer::Oa, "Performer", None)
+            .unwrap();
+        let other = p
+            .add_element(Kind::Entity, Layer::Oa, "Other performer", None)
+            .unwrap();
+        let work = p
+            .add_element(Kind::Activity, Layer::Oa, "Responsible work", None)
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut responsibilities = Vec::new();
+        if context == 0 {
+            responsibilities.push(p.relate(
+                RelationKind::Allocation,
+                "Direct responsibility",
+                performer,
+                work,
+            ));
+        }
+        for index in 0..2 {
+            let role = p
+                .add_element(Kind::Role, Layer::Oa, &format!("Role {index}"), None)
+                .unwrap();
+            responsibilities.push(p.relate(
+                RelationKind::RoleAssignment,
+                &format!("Assigned role {index}"),
+                role,
+                work,
+            ));
+            if context != 2 {
+                let source = if context == 3 && index == 1 {
+                    other
+                } else {
+                    performer
+                };
+                p.relate(RelationKind::RoleRealization, "Realizes role", source, role);
+            }
+        }
+        for (index, id) in responsibilities.iter().enumerate() {
+            let relation = p.relations.get_mut(id).unwrap();
+            relation.description =
+                format!("Responsibility {index}: preserve engineering rationale");
+            let link = Id::new_v4();
+            p.artifact_links.insert(
+                link,
+                ArtifactLink {
+                    id: link,
+                    alias: format!("responsibility_evidence_{index}"),
+                    name: format!("Responsibility evidence {index}"),
+                    description: "Preserve the reference to this exact relation".into(),
+                    owner: *id,
+                    relation: ArtifactRelation::References,
+                    uri: format!("https://example.invalid/responsibility/{index}"),
+                    revision: Some("review-7".into()),
+                    fragment: Some("assignment".into()),
+                },
+            );
+        }
+        let original_relations = p.relations.clone();
+        let diagram = p.ensure_diagram(Layer::Oa);
+        p.diagrams.get_mut(&diagram).unwrap().projection = ProjectionKind::Allocation;
+        p.place(diagram, performer, Position { x: 60., y: 60. });
+        p.place(diagram, work, Position { x: 84., y: 124. });
+        p = execute_batch(&p, &[Command::Layout(diagram)]).unwrap();
+        let expected_performer = (context < 2).then_some(performer);
+        assert_eq!(
+            oa_core::validation::allocation_summary(&p, work),
+            expected_performer
+        );
+        let mut app = App::with_project(p);
+        send(&mut app, Message::Page(Page::Diagram));
+        send(
+            &mut app,
+            Message::Diagram(crate::app::Choice {
+                id: diagram,
+                label: String::new(),
+            }),
+        );
+        let mut first = None;
+        for step in 0..2 {
+            send(&mut app, Message::Select(work));
+            let before = app.project().clone();
+            let before_source = app.document.bundle().clone();
+            send(
+                &mut app,
+                Message::CreateContextElement(Kind::Activity, true),
+            );
+            let child = app.selected;
+            assert!(
+                !before.elements.contains_key(&child),
+                "context {context}, step {step}: {}",
+                app.status
+            );
+            assert_eq!(app.project().elements[&child].parent, Some(work));
+            if step == 0 {
+                first = Some(child);
+            }
+            for (id, original) in &original_relations {
+                let mut expected = original.clone();
+                if responsibilities.contains(id) {
+                    match &mut expected.body {
+                        RelationBody::Allocation { target, .. }
+                        | RelationBody::RoleAssignment { target, .. } => *target = first.unwrap(),
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    }
+                }
+                assert_eq!(app.project().relations[id], expected);
+            }
+            assert_eq!(app.project().artifact_links, before.artifact_links);
+            assert!(!app.project().artifact_links.is_empty());
+            let added = usize::from(step == 1 && expected_performer.is_some());
+            assert_eq!(
+                app.project().relations.len(),
+                before.relations.len() + added
+            );
+            assert_eq!(
+                oa_core::validation::effective_performer(app.project(), child),
+                expected_performer
+            );
+            assert_eq!(
+                app.project()
+                    .relations
+                    .values()
+                    .filter(|r| r.kind() == RelationKind::RoleAssignment && r.target() == child)
+                    .count(),
+                if step == 0 { 2 } else { 0 }
+            );
+            if context != 0 && step == 0 {
+                assert!(
+                    !app.project()
+                        .relations
+                        .values()
+                        .any(|r| r.kind() == RelationKind::Allocation)
+                );
+            }
+            assert!(
+                !oa_core::validation::validate(app.project())
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|i| i.severity == oa_core::validation::Severity::Error)
+            );
+            let after = app.project().clone();
+            let after_source = app.document.bundle().clone();
+            send(&mut app, Message::Undo);
+            assert_eq!(app.project(), &before);
+            assert_eq!(app.document.bundle(), &before_source);
+            send(&mut app, Message::Redo);
+            assert_eq!(app.project(), &after);
+            assert_eq!(app.document.bundle(), &after_source);
+        }
+    }
+}