style: format shared declaration construction seam

crates/oa-core/src/language.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 //! Typed OA/SA language, tolerant source analysis, and explicit V1/V2/V3/V4 migration.
+mod raw_tokens;
 #[path = "language/semantic_source.rs"]
 mod semantic_source;
 mod source3_bridge;
-mod raw_tokens;
 // Staged syntax foundation only. Public source8 admission waits for complete
 // declaration lowering, source updates and the root-owned resource gate.
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -480,6 +480,8 @@ fn parse_document(source: &str, limits: ParseLimits) -> Result<ParsedDocument, V
         cursor: 0,
         value_depth: 0,
         limits,
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        mixed: None,
     }
     .document()
     .map_err(|e| vec![diagnostic(source, e)])
@@ -914,6 +916,8 @@ pub(crate) fn parse_unit(
         cursor: 0,
         value_depth: 0,
         limits,
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        mixed: None,
     }
     .unit(entry, true)
     .map_err(|e| Box::new(diagnostic(source, e)))
@@ -1005,31 +1009,52 @@ fn edit_positions(
     unit: SourceUnit,
 ) -> Result<Vec<(Id, EditDeclaration)>, Box<Diagnostic>> {
     let tokens = strict_tokens(source).map_err(|e| Box::new(diagnostic(source, e)))?;
-    let mut ends: Vec<_> = tokens.iter().map(|token| token.span.end).collect();
+    edit_positions_from_tokens(source, &unit, |at| tokens[at], tokens.len(), None)
+}
+
+fn edit_positions_from_tokens(
+    source: &str,
+    unit: &SourceUnit,
+    token: impl Fn(usize) -> Lexeme,
+    count: usize,
+    value_ends: Option<&BTreeMap<usize, usize>>,
+) -> Result<Vec<(Id, EditDeclaration)>, Box<Diagnostic>> {
+    let mut ends: Vec<_> = (0..count).map(|at| token(at).span.end).collect();
     let mut stack = Vec::new();
-    for (index, token) in tokens.iter().enumerate() {
+    for index in 0..count {
+        let token = token(index);
         match token.text(source) {
             "{" | "[" => stack.push(index),
             "}" | "]" => ends[stack.pop().expect("parser checked delimiters")] = token.span.end,
             _ => {}
         }
     }
-    struct Positions<'a> {
-        tokens: &'a [Lexeme],
+    struct Positions<'a, F> {
+        token_at: F,
         ends: Vec<usize>,
+        value_ends: Option<&'a BTreeMap<usize, usize>>,
     }
-    impl Positions<'_> {
+    impl<F: Fn(usize) -> Lexeme> Positions<'_, F> {
         fn token(&self, start: usize) -> usize {
-            self.tokens
-                .partition_point(|token| token.span.start < start)
+            let mut low = 0;
+            let mut high = self.ends.len();
+            while low < high {
+                let middle = low + (high - low) / 2;
+                if (self.token_at)(middle).span.start < start {
+                    low = middle + 1;
+                } else {
+                    high = middle;
+                }
+            }
+            low
         }
         fn fields(&self, fields: &BTreeMap<String, Ast>) -> BTreeMap<String, EditField> {
             fields
                 .iter()
                 .map(|(key, ast)| {
                     let value = self.value(ast);
-                    let start = self.tokens[self.token(value.span.start) - 1].span.start;
-                    let end = self.tokens[self.token(value.span.end)].span.end;
+                    let start = (self.token_at)(self.token(value.span.start) - 1).span.start;
+                    let end = (self.token_at)(self.token(value.span.end)).span.end;
                     (
                         key.clone(),
                         EditField {
@@ -1044,10 +1069,15 @@ fn edit_positions(
             let index = self.token(ast.offset());
             let span = Span {
                 start: ast.offset(),
-                end: match ast {
-                    Ast::Reference(..) | Ast::HistoricalUuid(..) => self.tokens[index + 1].span.end,
-                    _ => self.ends[index],
-                },
+                end: self
+                    .value_ends
+                    .and_then(|ends| ends.get(&ast.offset()).copied())
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| match ast {
+                        Ast::Reference(..) | Ast::HistoricalUuid(..) => {
+                            (self.token_at)(index + 1).span.end
+                        }
+                        _ => self.ends[index],
+                    }),
             };
             let kind = match ast {
                 Ast::Object(fields, _) => EditKind::Record(self.fields(fields)),
@@ -1062,11 +1092,12 @@ fn edit_positions(
         }
     }
     let positions = Positions {
-        tokens: &tokens,
+        token_at: &token,
         ends,
+        value_ends,
     };
     unit.declarations
-        .into_iter()
+        .iter()
         .map(|declaration| {
             if declaration.id_insertion.is_some() {
                 return Err(Box::new(diagnostic(
@@ -1086,8 +1117,8 @@ fn edit_positions(
             let start = positions.token(declaration.span.start);
             let header = roles
                 .iter()
-                .zip(&tokens[start..])
-                .map(|(role, token)| (*role, token.span))
+                .zip(start..count)
+                .map(|(role, at)| (*role, token(at).span))
                 .collect();
             Ok((
                 declaration.id,
@@ -1114,10 +1145,35 @@ struct Parser<'a> {
     cursor: usize,
     value_depth: usize,
     limits: ParseLimits,
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    mixed: Option<analysis_source::mixed::State<'a>>,
 }
 impl Parser<'_> {
+    fn token(&self, index: usize) -> Option<Lexeme> {
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        if let Some(mixed) = &self.mixed {
+            return mixed.token(index);
+        }
+        self.tokens.get(index).copied()
+    }
     fn current(&self) -> Lexeme {
-        self.tokens[self.cursor.min(self.tokens.len() - 1)]
+        self.token(self.cursor).unwrap_or(Lexeme {
+            class: TokenClass::Punctuation,
+            span: Span {
+                start: self.source.len(),
+                end: self.source.len(),
+            },
+        })
+    }
+    fn syntax_entry(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        {
+            let span = self.current().span;
+            if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed {
+                mixed.entry(span)?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
     }
     fn text(&self) -> &str {
         self.current().text(self.source)
@@ -1154,6 +1210,10 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
     }
     fn optional_id(&mut self) -> Result<Id, Error> {
         if self.text() != "id" {
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            if self.mixed.is_some() {
+                return Err(self.error("Private mixed syntax requires explicit IDs."));
+            }
             return Ok(Id::new_v4());
         }
         self.cursor += 1;
@@ -1194,6 +1254,7 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
         Ok(fields)
     }
     fn field(&mut self) -> Result<(String, Ast, Span), Error> {
+        self.syntax_entry()?;
         let key = self.text().to_owned();
         if !matches!(
             self.current().class,
@@ -1204,15 +1265,19 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
         self.cursor += 1;
         let start = self.current().span.start;
         let value = self.value()?;
-        let end = self.tokens[self.cursor - 1].span.end;
+        let end = self
+            .token(self.cursor - 1)
+            .expect("consumed token")
+            .span
+            .end;
         self.take(";")?;
         Ok((key, value, Span { start, end }))
     }
 
     fn nested_header_kind(&self) -> Option<DeclKind> {
         let kind = declaration_kind(self.text())?;
-        let alias = self.tokens.get(self.cursor + 1)?;
-        let following = self.tokens.get(self.cursor + 2)?;
+        let alias = self.token(self.cursor + 1)?;
+        let following = self.token(self.cursor + 2)?;
         // A node's ordinary `diagram @view;` field is not a declaration.
         if !crate::valid_alias(alias.text(self.source)) {
             return None;
@@ -1227,14 +1292,33 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
         if self.value_depth >= 64 {
             return Err(self.error("Typed values may not nest more than 64 levels."));
         }
+        self.syntax_entry()?;
         self.value_depth += 1;
         let result = self.value_inner();
         self.value_depth -= 1;
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        if let Ok(ast) = &result {
+            let end = self
+                .token(self.cursor - 1)
+                .expect("consumed value")
+                .span
+                .end;
+            if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed {
+                mixed.value_ends.insert(ast.offset(), end);
+            }
+        }
         result
     }
     fn value_inner(&mut self) -> Result<Ast, Error> {
         let token = self.current();
         let offset = token.span.start;
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        if let Some(mixed) = &self.mixed
+            && (token.class == TokenClass::Number || matches!(self.text(), "-" | "+"))
+        {
+            let value = mixed.ordinary_number(&mut self.cursor)?;
+            return Ok(Ast::Literal(value, offset));
+        }
         match self.text() {
             "uuid" => {
                 self.cursor += 1;
@@ -1332,16 +1416,31 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
     fn unit(&mut self, entry: bool, includes_allowed: bool) -> Result<SourceUnit, Error> {
         let mut header = if entry {
             self.take("arcadia")?;
-            if !matches!(self.text(), "3" | "4" | "5" | "6" | "7") {
-                return Err(
-                    self.error("Unsupported schema version: expected arcadia 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.")
-                );
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            let mixed_mode = self.mixed.is_some();
+            #[cfg(not(test))]
+            let mixed_mode = false;
+            if if mixed_mode {
+                self.text() != "8"
+            } else {
+                !matches!(self.text(), "3" | "4" | "5" | "6" | "7")
+            } {
+                return Err(self.error(if mixed_mode {
+                    "Private mixed syntax requires arcadia 8."
+                } else {
+                    "Unsupported schema version: expected arcadia 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7."
+                }));
             }
             let schema_version = self.text().parse().expect("checked source version");
             self.cursor += 1;
             self.take(";")?;
             let start = self.current().span.start;
             self.take("project")?;
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed {
+                mixed.record(false, Span { start, end: start })?;
+            }
+            self.syntax_entry()?;
             let alias = self.identifier()?;
             let name = self.quoted()?;
             let id_insertion = (self.text() != "id").then_some(self.current().span.start);
@@ -1382,6 +1481,14 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
         let mut open: Vec<usize> = Vec::new();
         loop {
             let offset = self.current().span.start;
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed
+                && mixed.typed_header(self.cursor, open.is_empty())
+            {
+                let owner = open.last().map(|&at| declarations[at].id);
+                mixed.parse_typed(&mut self.cursor, owner)?;
+                continue;
+            }
             if let Some(&owner) = open.last() {
                 if self.text() == "}" {
                     declarations[owner].body.end = offset;
@@ -1425,6 +1532,14 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
                 if !includes_allowed {
                     return Err(self.error("An include requires a source bundle; single-string parsing never reads files."));
                 }
+                #[cfg(test)]
+                if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed {
+                    mixed.include(Span {
+                        start: offset,
+                        end: offset,
+                    })?;
+                }
+                self.syntax_entry()?;
                 self.cursor += 1;
                 let path = self.quoted()?;
                 self.take(";")?;
@@ -1432,7 +1547,11 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
                     path,
                     Span {
                         start: offset,
-                        end: self.tokens[self.cursor - 1].span.end,
+                        end: self
+                            .token(self.cursor - 1)
+                            .expect("consumed token")
+                            .span
+                            .end,
                     },
                 ));
                 continue;
@@ -1444,20 +1563,40 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
                 if entry_header.description.is_some() {
                     return Err(self.error("Duplicate project description."));
                 }
+                self.syntax_entry()?;
                 self.cursor += 1;
                 let description = self.quoted()?;
                 self.take(";")?;
                 entry_header.project.description = description;
                 entry_header.description = Some(Span {
                     start: offset,
-                    end: self.tokens[self.cursor - 1].span.end,
+                    end: self
+                        .token(self.cursor - 1)
+                        .expect("consumed token")
+                        .span
+                        .end,
                 });
                 header = Some(entry_header);
                 continue;
             }
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            if self.mixed.is_some() && analysis_source::mixed::long_analysis_word(self.text()) {
+                return Err(self.error("Use the short source8 analysis declaration word."));
+            }
+            self.syntax_entry()?;
             let word = self.text().to_owned();
             let kind = declaration_kind(&word)
                 .ok_or_else(|| self.error(format!("Unknown declaration '{word}'.")))?;
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed {
+                mixed.record(
+                    matches!(kind, DeclKind::Element(..) | DeclKind::Relation(..)),
+                    Span {
+                        start: offset,
+                        end: offset,
+                    },
+                )?;
+            }
             graph_count += usize::from(matches!(
                 kind,
                 DeclKind::Element(..) | DeclKind::Relation(..)
@@ -1485,6 +1624,10 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
             let body_start = self.current().span.end;
             self.take("{")?;
             let lexical_owner = open.last().map(|&owner| declarations[owner].id);
+            #[cfg(test)]
+            if let Some(mixed) = &mut self.mixed {
+                mixed.lexical_owners.push(open.last().copied());
+            }
             declarations.push(Declaration {
                 kind,
                 alias,
@@ -1521,17 +1664,25 @@ impl Parser<'_> {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn resolve_declarations(
+// The construction phase is shared with private mixed resolution. Migration and
+// complete-model admission remain exclusively in each caller's finishing tail.
+struct ConstructedDeclarations {
+    project: Project,
+    legacy_elements: serde_json::Map<String, Value>,
+}
+
+fn construct_declarations<'a>(
     mut project: Project,
-    declarations: &[Declaration],
+    declarations: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Declaration>,
     aliases: &BTreeMap<String, Id>,
-    limits: ParseLimits,
-) -> Result<crate::persistence::DecodeResult, (usize, Error)> {
+    mut before_fields: impl FnMut(&Declaration) -> Result<(), Error>,
+) -> Result<ConstructedDeclarations, (usize, Error)> {
     let legacy = project.schema_version == 3;
     let mut legacy_elements = serde_json::Map::new();
     let mut nodes = Vec::new();
-    for (index, declaration) in declarations.iter().enumerate() {
+    for (index, declaration) in declarations.into_iter().enumerate() {
         (|| -> Result<(), Error> {
+            before_fields(declaration)?;
             let mut fields = declaration
                 .fields
                 .iter()
@@ -1756,6 +1907,23 @@ pub(crate) fn resolve_declarations(
             .map_err(|error| (index, error))?;
         target.nodes.insert(node.id, node);
     }
+    Ok(ConstructedDeclarations {
+        project,
+        legacy_elements,
+    })
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn resolve_declarations(
+    project: Project,
+    declarations: &[Declaration],
+    aliases: &BTreeMap<String, Id>,
+    limits: ParseLimits,
+) -> Result<crate::persistence::DecodeResult, (usize, Error)> {
+    let legacy = project.schema_version == 3;
+    let ConstructedDeclarations {
+        project,
+        legacy_elements,
+    } = construct_declarations(project, declarations, aliases, |_| Ok(()))?;
     if legacy {
         let migrated = source3_bridge::from_scratch(project, legacy_elements)
             .and_then(|old| crate::persistence::v3::migrate(old, limits))

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source.rs

@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@
 mod budget;
 mod cursor;
 mod declarations;
+mod index;
 mod lex;
 mod lower;
+pub(super) mod mixed;
 mod syntax;
+mod update;
 mod write;
 
 #[cfg(test)]

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/budget.rs

@@ -143,6 +143,14 @@ impl Budget {
         }
         Ok(())
     }
+    /// Aggregate owned text for an index/update phase, checked before copying.
+    pub fn index_bytes(&self, count: usize, span: Span) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.active()?;
+        if count > self.limits.bytes {
+            return Err(error(span, "Source8 index/output byte limit exceeded."));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
     pub fn lowering_occurrences(&self, count: usize, span: Span) -> Result<(), Error> {
         self.active()?;
         // Parameter declarations are syntax entries, not reference uses.

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/index.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,709 @@
+//! Temporary typed source witnesses. No arena index becomes a model identity.
+//! The staged entry point parses each supplied typed file once. A future bundle
+//! parser must retain the same opaque parse/lower provenance. Occurrence
+//! completeness trusts that lowerer; the private builder does not prove the
+//! presence of every syntax reference in a caller-fabricated Lowered value.
+use super::cursor::Cursor;
+use super::lower::{self, Child, Field, Lowered, Role, Target, Unit};
+use super::{Budget, Error, Span, declarations, error, lex};
+use crate::{Id, Project, analysis as a};
+use std::cmp::Ordering;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::fmt;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// Persistent structural path: cloning shares ancestors, and equality/order
+/// compare the complete edge sequence, never allocation or arena identities.
+/// Depth is checked against the inherited frame limit before allocation.
+/// Comparison and Debug walk leaf-to-root without allocating or recursing;
+/// this private total order need not be root-first lexicographic order.
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+pub(super) struct Path(Option<Arc<Step>>);
+struct Step {
+    parent: Path,
+    edge: Child,
+}
+impl PartialEq for Path {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.cmp(other) == Ordering::Equal
+    }
+}
+impl Eq for Path {}
+impl PartialOrd for Path {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        Some(self.cmp(other))
+    }
+}
+impl Ord for Path {
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
+        let (mut left, mut right) = (self, other);
+        loop {
+            match (left.0.as_deref(), right.0.as_deref()) {
+                (Some(a), Some(b)) => {
+                    let order = a.edge.cmp(&b.edge);
+                    if order != Ordering::Equal {
+                        return order;
+                    }
+                    (left, right) = (&a.parent, &b.parent);
+                }
+                (None, None) => return Ordering::Equal,
+                (None, Some(_)) => return Ordering::Less,
+                (Some(_), None) => return Ordering::Greater,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl fmt::Debug for Path {
+    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        // Debug intentionally shows the same leaf-to-root order as comparison.
+        let mut list = formatter.debug_list();
+        let mut path = self;
+        while let Some(step) = &path.0 {
+            list.entry(&step.edge);
+            path = &step.parent;
+        }
+        list.finish()
+    }
+}
+impl Drop for Path {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let mut next = self.0.take();
+        while let Some(link) = next {
+            // Shared ancestors remain owned elsewhere. The final owner peels
+            // unique links here, taking the parent before Step is dropped.
+            let Some(mut step) = Arc::into_inner(link) else {
+                break;
+            };
+            next = step.parent.0.take();
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Path {
+    pub fn edges(&self) -> Vec<Child> {
+        let mut result = Vec::new();
+        let mut path = self;
+        while let Some(step) = &path.0 {
+            result.push(step.edge);
+            path = &step.parent;
+        }
+        result.reverse();
+        result
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+pub(super) struct ExpressionKey {
+    pub owner: Id,
+    pub field: Field,
+    pub path: Path,
+}
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+pub(super) enum TokenRole {
+    Declaration,
+    Use(Role),
+}
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+pub(super) struct OccurrenceKey {
+    pub owner: Id,
+    /// None is a global declaration header, not a binding field.
+    pub field: Option<Field>,
+    /// None is outside an expression; Some(empty) is its root call site.
+    pub path: Option<Path>,
+    pub role: TokenRole,
+    pub target: Target,
+}
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(super) struct Location {
+    pub file: usize,
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(super) struct Index<'s> {
+    // Private provenance: callers can inspect locations, not supply replacements
+    // for the source witness, keys, catalog or occurrence spans.
+    sources: &'s BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+    names: BTreeMap<Target, String>,
+    occurrences: BTreeMap<OccurrenceKey, Location>,
+    expressions: BTreeMap<ExpressionKey, Location>,
+}
+impl<'s> Index<'s> {
+    pub fn sources(&self) -> &BTreeMap<usize, String> {
+        self.sources
+    }
+    pub fn names(&self) -> &BTreeMap<Target, String> {
+        &self.names
+    }
+    pub fn occurrences(&self) -> &BTreeMap<OccurrenceKey, Location> {
+        &self.occurrences
+    }
+    pub fn expressions(&self) -> &BTreeMap<ExpressionKey, Location> {
+        &self.expressions
+    }
+
+    /// Typed-only staged adapter. `ordinary` has already been parsed by its
+    /// owner. Missing typed IDs fail in lowering; this never invents UUIDs.
+    /// The caller merges the returned additions and admits the complete model.
+    pub fn parse(
+        ordinary: &Project,
+        sources: &'s BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+        budget: &mut Budget,
+    ) -> Result<(Self, Lowered), lower::Failure> {
+        let mut units = Vec::new();
+        let mut witnesses = BTreeMap::new();
+        for (&file, source) in sources {
+            let failure = |error| lower::Failure {
+                file: Some(file),
+                error,
+            };
+            budget
+                .lowering_entries(units.len() + 1, Span::default())
+                .map_err(failure)?;
+            let tokens = lex::tokens(source, budget).map_err(failure)?;
+            let mut cursor = Cursor::new(source, &tokens, budget);
+            let mut parsed = Vec::new();
+            while cursor.cursor < tokens.len() {
+                parsed.push(declarations::parse(&mut cursor, 8, None).map_err(failure)?);
+            }
+            units.push(Unit {
+                file,
+                declarations: parsed,
+            });
+            witnesses.insert(file, tokens);
+        }
+        let lowered = lower::lower(ordinary, &units, budget)?;
+        // A build failure after our own parse/lower is a phase/invariant error,
+        // not an invented file assignment for an ambiguous numeric span.
+        let index = Self::build(ordinary, sources, &units, &witnesses, &lowered, budget)
+            .map_err(|error| lower::Failure { file: None, error })?;
+        Ok((index, lowered))
+    }
+
+    // Same-parse/lower internal seam only. Checks below reject damaged supplied
+    // sites but occurrence completeness is an invariant of our own lowerer.
+    // Do not expose a constructor accepting independently fabricated Lowered.
+    fn build(
+        ordinary: &Project,
+        sources: &'s BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+        units: &[Unit],
+        witnesses: &BTreeMap<usize, Vec<lex::Token>>,
+        lowered: &Lowered,
+        budget: &mut Budget,
+    ) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        budget.active()?;
+        budget.lowering_entries(lowered.expressions.len(), Span::default())?;
+        budget.lowering_occurrences(lowered.occurrences.len(), Span::default())?;
+        let mut names = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut name_bytes = 0usize;
+        let mut insert_name = |target, name: &str| -> Result<(), Error> {
+            budget.lowering_entries(names.len() + 1, Span::default())?;
+            name_bytes = name_bytes
+                .checked_add(name.len())
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(Span::default(), "Index name size overflow."))?;
+            budget.index_bytes(name_bytes, Span::default())?;
+            if names.insert(target, name.to_owned()).is_some() {
+                return Err(error(
+                    Span::default(),
+                    "Duplicate qualified catalog identity.",
+                ));
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        };
+        // Lowering has already bounded and validated the complete ordinary
+        // identity catalog before this existing convenience visitor allocates.
+        for (id, alias) in ordinary.identities() {
+            insert_name(Target::Global(id), alias)?;
+        }
+        for definition in ordinary
+            .definitions
+            .values()
+            .chain(lowered.definitions.values())
+        {
+            if lowered.definitions.contains_key(&definition.id) {
+                insert_name(Target::Global(definition.id), &definition.alias)?;
+            }
+            if let a::DefinitionBody::Calculation(calculation) = &definition.body {
+                for parameter in &calculation.parameters {
+                    insert_name(
+                        Target::Parameter {
+                            calculation: definition.id,
+                            parameter: parameter.id,
+                        },
+                        &parameter.name,
+                    )?;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        for element in lowered.elements.values() {
+            insert_name(Target::Global(element.id), &element.alias)?;
+        }
+        let mut index = Self {
+            sources,
+            names,
+            occurrences: BTreeMap::new(),
+            expressions: BTreeMap::new(),
+        };
+        let mut owners = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut physical = BTreeSet::new();
+        for unit in units {
+            for declaration in &unit.declarations {
+                let owner = declaration.header.identity.value.ok_or_else(|| {
+                    error(
+                        declaration.span,
+                        "Missing ID requires source stabilization.",
+                    )
+                })?;
+                let location = Location {
+                    file: unit.file,
+                    span: declaration.span,
+                };
+                checked_source(sources, location)?;
+                budget.lowering_entries(owners.len() + 1, declaration.span)?;
+                if owners.insert(owner, location).is_some() {
+                    return Err(error(declaration.span, "Duplicate source owner."));
+                }
+                let key = OccurrenceKey {
+                    owner,
+                    field: None,
+                    path: None,
+                    role: TokenRole::Declaration,
+                    target: Target::Global(owner),
+                };
+                index.insert(
+                    key,
+                    Location {
+                        file: unit.file,
+                        span: declaration.header.alias.span,
+                    },
+                    witnesses,
+                    &mut physical,
+                    budget,
+                )?;
+            }
+        }
+        // Parent-before-child is part of the lowering contract. One forward
+        // pass rejects forward, cyclic, cross-file/owner/field and duplicate
+        // paths. Each node allocates one shared edge, not a copied path vector.
+        let mut paths: Vec<(ExpressionKey, usize)> = Vec::new();
+        for (position, site) in lowered.expressions.iter().enumerate() {
+            if !matches!(
+                site.field,
+                Field::Body | Field::Base | Field::Predicate | Field::Override(_)
+            ) {
+                return Err(error(
+                    site.span,
+                    "Expression occurs outside a binding field.",
+                ));
+            }
+            let location = Location {
+                file: site.file,
+                span: site.span,
+            };
+            checked_source(sources, location)?;
+            let owner = owners
+                .get(&site.owner)
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(site.span, "Unknown expression owner."))?;
+            contained(*owner, location)?;
+            let (path, depth) = if let Some((parent, edge)) = site.parent {
+                if parent >= position {
+                    return Err(error(
+                        site.span,
+                        "Expression parent must precede its child.",
+                    ));
+                }
+                let ancestor = &lowered.expressions[parent];
+                if ancestor.owner != site.owner
+                    || ancestor.field != site.field
+                    || ancestor.file != site.file
+                {
+                    return Err(error(
+                        site.span,
+                        "Expression parent crosses its owner, field or file.",
+                    ));
+                }
+                contained(
+                    Location {
+                        file: ancestor.file,
+                        span: ancestor.span,
+                    },
+                    location,
+                )?;
+                if ancestor.span == site.span {
+                    return Err(error(
+                        site.span,
+                        "Child expression must be a proper source subtree.",
+                    ));
+                }
+                let depth = paths[parent].1 + 1;
+                budget.frame(depth, site.span)?;
+                (
+                    Path(Some(Arc::new(Step {
+                        parent: paths[parent].0.path.clone(),
+                        edge,
+                    }))),
+                    depth,
+                )
+            } else {
+                budget.frame(1, site.span)?;
+                (Path::default(), 1)
+            };
+            let key = ExpressionKey {
+                owner: site.owner,
+                field: site.field,
+                path,
+            };
+            if index.expressions.insert(key.clone(), location).is_some() {
+                return Err(error(site.span, "Duplicate qualified expression path."));
+            }
+            paths.push((key, depth));
+        }
+        for occurrence in &lowered.occurrences {
+            let location = Location {
+                file: occurrence.file,
+                span: occurrence.span,
+            };
+            let owner = owners
+                .get(&occurrence.owner)
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(occurrence.span, "Unknown occurrence owner."))?;
+            contained(*owner, location)?;
+            let path = match occurrence.expression {
+                Some(site) => {
+                    let expression = lowered
+                        .expressions
+                        .get(site)
+                        .ok_or_else(|| error(occurrence.span, "Unknown occurrence expression."))?;
+                    if expression.owner != occurrence.owner
+                        || expression.field != occurrence.field
+                        || expression.file != occurrence.file
+                    {
+                        return Err(error(
+                            occurrence.span,
+                            "Occurrence crosses its expression owner, field or file.",
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    contained(
+                        Location {
+                            file: expression.file,
+                            span: expression.span,
+                        },
+                        location,
+                    )?;
+                    Some(paths[site].0.path.clone())
+                }
+                None => None,
+            };
+            match (occurrence.role, occurrence.target) {
+                (
+                    Role::ParameterDeclaration,
+                    Target::Parameter {
+                        calculation,
+                        parameter,
+                    },
+                ) if calculation == occurrence.owner
+                    && occurrence.field == Field::Input(parameter)
+                    && path.is_none() => {}
+                (Role::ParameterUse, Target::Parameter { calculation, .. })
+                    if calculation == occurrence.owner
+                        && occurrence.field == Field::Body
+                        && path.is_some() => {}
+                (Role::ArgumentLabel, Target::Parameter { .. }) if path.is_some() => {}
+                (Role::OverrideTarget, Target::Global(id))
+                    if occurrence.field == Field::Override(id) && path.is_none() => {}
+                (Role::CallTarget, Target::Global(_)) if path.is_some() => {}
+                (Role::Reference, Target::Global(_)) => {}
+                _ => return Err(error(occurrence.span, "Invalid qualified occurrence role.")),
+            }
+            let key = OccurrenceKey {
+                owner: occurrence.owner,
+                field: Some(occurrence.field),
+                path,
+                role: TokenRole::Use(occurrence.role),
+                target: occurrence.target,
+            };
+            index.insert(key, location, witnesses, &mut physical, budget)?;
+        }
+        // Argument labels belong to this precise call site and its callee, not
+        // merely to a parameter UUID/name present somewhere in the catalog.
+        let mut calls = BTreeMap::new();
+        for (key, at) in &index.occurrences {
+            if key.role == TokenRole::Use(Role::CallTarget) {
+                let site = (key.owner, key.field, key.path.clone());
+                if calls.insert(site, key.target).is_some() {
+                    return Err(error(at.span, "Multiple callees at one expression site."));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        for (key, at) in &index.occurrences {
+            if let (TokenRole::Use(Role::ArgumentLabel), Target::Parameter { calculation, .. }) =
+                (key.role, key.target)
+                && calls.get(&(key.owner, key.field, key.path.clone()))
+                    != Some(&Target::Global(calculation))
+            {
+                return Err(error(
+                    at.span,
+                    "Argument label crosses its called calculation.",
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        for (position, site) in lowered.expressions.iter().enumerate() {
+            if let Some((parent, Child::Argument(parameter))) = site.parent {
+                let key = &paths[parent].0;
+                let Some(Target::Global(calculation)) =
+                    calls.get(&(key.owner, Some(key.field), Some(key.path.clone())))
+                else {
+                    return Err(error(site.span, "Argument child has no owning call."));
+                };
+                let label = OccurrenceKey {
+                    owner: site.owner,
+                    field: Some(site.field),
+                    path: Some(key.path.clone()),
+                    role: TokenRole::Use(Role::ArgumentLabel),
+                    target: Target::Parameter {
+                        calculation: *calculation,
+                        parameter,
+                    },
+                };
+                if !index.occurrences.contains_key(&label) || paths[position].0.path == key.path {
+                    return Err(error(site.span, "Argument child has no qualified label."));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        index.check_syntax_edges(units, lowered, budget)?;
+        Ok(index)
+    }
+
+    /// Check structural edges against the already parsed syntax, not just the
+    /// arena's internally consistent claims. This is one iterative tree walk,
+    /// with indexed span lookup; it does not lex or copy source/path strings.
+    fn check_syntax_edges<'a>(
+        &self,
+        units: &'a [Unit],
+        lowered: &Lowered,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let mut globals = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut parameters = BTreeMap::new();
+        for (target, name) in &self.names {
+            match target {
+                Target::Global(id) => {
+                    globals.insert(name.as_str(), *id);
+                }
+                Target::Parameter {
+                    calculation,
+                    parameter,
+                } => {
+                    parameters.insert((*calculation, name.as_str()), *parameter);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let mut sites = BTreeMap::new();
+        for (position, site) in lowered.expressions.iter().enumerate() {
+            if sites
+                .insert(
+                    (
+                        site.file,
+                        site.owner,
+                        site.field,
+                        site.span.start,
+                        site.span.end,
+                    ),
+                    position,
+                )
+                .is_some()
+            {
+                return Err(error(site.span, "Duplicate expression source ownership."));
+            }
+        }
+        let mut work = Vec::new();
+        let mut root = |file, owner, field, binding: &'a super::Binding| -> Result<(), Error> {
+            if let super::Binding::Expression(expression) = binding {
+                budget.lowering_entries(work.len() + 1, expression.span)?;
+                work.push((file, owner, field, expression, None));
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        };
+        for unit in units {
+            for declaration in &unit.declarations {
+                let owner = declaration.header.identity.value.expect("validated owner");
+                match &declaration.body {
+                    declarations::Body::Calculation { body, .. } => {
+                        root(unit.file, owner, Field::Body, &body.value)?
+                    }
+                    declarations::Body::Property { base, .. } => {
+                        root(unit.file, owner, Field::Base, &base.value)?
+                    }
+                    declarations::Body::Check { predicate, .. } => {
+                        root(unit.file, owner, Field::Predicate, &predicate.value)?
+                    }
+                    declarations::Body::Case { overrides, .. } => {
+                        for entry in &overrides.value {
+                            let target =
+                                *globals.get(entry.target.name.as_str()).ok_or_else(|| {
+                                    error(entry.target.span, "Unknown syntax override target.")
+                                })?;
+                            root(unit.file, owner, Field::Override(target), &entry.binding)?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let mut visited = 0usize;
+        while let Some((file, owner, field, expression, parent)) = work.pop() {
+            budget.lowering_entries(visited + 1, expression.span)?;
+            visited += 1;
+            let site = *sites
+                .get(&(
+                    file,
+                    owner,
+                    field,
+                    expression.span.start,
+                    expression.span.end,
+                ))
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    error(
+                        expression.span,
+                        "Parsed expression is absent from the source arena.",
+                    )
+                })?;
+            if lowered.expressions[site].parent != parent {
+                return Err(error(
+                    expression.span,
+                    "Arena parent/child edge differs from original syntax.",
+                ));
+            }
+            let mut child = |value: &'a super::Expression, edge| -> Result<(), Error> {
+                budget.lowering_entries(work.len() + 1, value.span)?;
+                work.push((file, owner, field, value, Some((site, edge))));
+                Ok(())
+            };
+            use super::ExpressionKind as E;
+            match &expression.kind {
+                E::List(items) => {
+                    for (index, item) in items.iter().enumerate() {
+                        child(item, Child::Item(index))?;
+                    }
+                }
+                E::Unary { operand, .. } => child(operand, Child::Operand)?,
+                E::Binary { left, right, .. } => {
+                    child(left, Child::Left)?;
+                    child(right, Child::Right)?;
+                }
+                E::If {
+                    condition,
+                    when_true,
+                    when_false,
+                } => {
+                    child(condition, Child::Condition)?;
+                    child(when_true, Child::WhenTrue)?;
+                    child(when_false, Child::WhenFalse)?;
+                }
+                E::Call {
+                    definition,
+                    arguments,
+                } => {
+                    let calculation = *globals
+                        .get(definition.name.as_str())
+                        .ok_or_else(|| error(definition.span, "Unknown syntax call target."))?;
+                    for argument in arguments {
+                        let parameter = *parameters
+                            .get(&(calculation, argument.parameter.name.as_str()))
+                            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                                error(argument.parameter.span, "Unknown syntax call parameter.")
+                            })?;
+                        child(&argument.value, Child::Argument(parameter))?;
+                    }
+                }
+                E::Sum { values, initial } => {
+                    child(values, Child::Values)?;
+                    child(initial, Child::Initial)?;
+                }
+                E::Power { base, .. } => child(base, Child::Base)?,
+                E::AsKind { value, .. } => child(value, Child::Value)?,
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+        if visited != lowered.expressions.len() {
+            return Err(error(
+                Span::default(),
+                "Arena contains expressions absent from parsed syntax.",
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn insert(
+        &mut self,
+        key: OccurrenceKey,
+        location: Location,
+        witnesses: &BTreeMap<usize, Vec<lex::Token>>,
+        physical: &mut BTreeSet<(usize, usize, usize)>,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        budget.lowering_occurrences(self.occurrences.len() + 1, location.span)?;
+        let text = checked_source(self.sources, location)?;
+        if self.names.get(&key.target).is_none_or(|name| name != text) {
+            return Err(error(
+                location.span,
+                "Token differs from its qualified target name.",
+            ));
+        }
+        let tokens = witnesses
+            .get(&location.file)
+            .ok_or_else(|| error(location.span, "Missing lexical witness."))?;
+        let token = tokens
+            .binary_search_by_key(&location.span.start, |token| token.span.start)
+            .ok()
+            .map(|at| tokens[at]);
+        if token.is_none_or(|token| token.span != location.span || token.class != lex::Class::Word)
+        {
+            return Err(error(
+                location.span,
+                "Occurrence is not an original whole name token.",
+            ));
+        }
+        if self.occurrences.contains_key(&key)
+            || !physical.insert((location.file, location.span.start, location.span.end))
+        {
+            return Err(error(
+                location.span,
+                "Duplicate qualified occurrence or token ownership.",
+            ));
+        }
+        self.occurrences.insert(key, location);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) fn checked_source(
+    sources: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+    location: Location,
+) -> Result<&str, Error> {
+    if location.span.start >= location.span.end {
+        return Err(error(location.span, "Empty or reversed source span."));
+    }
+    sources
+        .get(&location.file)
+        .and_then(|source| source.get(location.span.start..location.span.end))
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+            error(
+                location.span,
+                "Source span is outside its original UTF-8 file.",
+            )
+        })
+}
+fn contained(parent: Location, child: Location) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    if parent.file != child.file
+        || child.span.start < parent.span.start
+        || child.span.end > parent.span.end
+    {
+        return Err(error(
+            child.span,
+            "Source span crosses its containing syntax.",
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/index/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,630 @@
+use super::*;
+use crate::language::ParseLimits;
+
+const OA: &str = include_str!("../lower/fixtures/typed-oa.arcadia");
+const ORDINARY: &str = include_str!("../lower/fixtures/ordinary-oa.arcadia");
+fn budget() -> Budget {
+    Budget::new(super::super::budget::Limits::source8(
+        ParseLimits::UNLIMITED,
+    ))
+    .unwrap()
+}
+fn ordinary() -> Project {
+    crate::language::parse(ORDINARY).unwrap()
+}
+fn sources() -> BTreeMap<usize, String> {
+    let split = OA.find("calculation combine").unwrap();
+    BTreeMap::from([
+        (7, OA[..split].replace('\n', "\r\n")),
+        (19, OA[split..].to_owned()),
+    ])
+}
+fn raw(
+    sources: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+    budget: &mut Budget,
+) -> (Vec<Unit>, BTreeMap<usize, Vec<lex::Token>>, Lowered) {
+    let mut units = Vec::new();
+    let mut witnesses = BTreeMap::new();
+    for (&file, source) in sources {
+        let tokens = lex::tokens(source, budget).unwrap();
+        let mut cursor = Cursor::new(source, &tokens, budget);
+        let mut declarations = Vec::new();
+        while cursor.cursor < tokens.len() {
+            declarations.push(declarations::parse(&mut cursor, 8, None).unwrap());
+        }
+        units.push(Unit { file, declarations });
+        witnesses.insert(file, tokens);
+    }
+    let lowered = lower::lower(&ordinary(), &units, budget).unwrap();
+    (units, witnesses, lowered)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn staged_index_preserves_complete_oa_sa_models_and_original_file_spans() {
+    for (layer, ordinary_source, typed) in [
+        (crate::Layer::Oa, ORDINARY, OA),
+        (
+            crate::Layer::Sa,
+            include_str!("../lower/fixtures/ordinary-sa.arcadia"),
+            include_str!("../lower/fixtures/typed-sa.arcadia"),
+        ),
+    ] {
+        let sources = BTreeMap::from([(37, typed.replace('\n', "\r\n"))]);
+        let skeleton = crate::language::parse(ordinary_source).unwrap();
+        let mut work = budget();
+        let (index, lowered) = Index::parse(&skeleton, &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+        let mut actual = skeleton;
+        actual.definitions.extend(lowered.definitions);
+        actual.elements.extend(lowered.elements);
+        assert_eq!(actual, super::super::model_oracle::project(layer));
+        a::admit(&actual, a::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(work.usage.bytes, sources[&37].len(), "one lexical pass");
+        for (key, at) in index.occurrences() {
+            assert_eq!(at.file, 37);
+            assert_eq!(
+                &sources[&37][at.span.start..at.span.end],
+                index.names[&key.target]
+            );
+        }
+        assert!(!index.expressions().is_empty());
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn repeated_reordered_calls_have_stable_full_paths_and_four_labels() {
+    let expression = "@combine(b: @dispatch_time, a: @receive_time) // first 雪\n + @combine(a: @receive_time, b: @dispatch_time)";
+    let original = OA.replace("@combine(a: @receive_time, b: @dispatch_time)", expression);
+    let reordered = original.replace(
+        "@combine(b: @dispatch_time, a: @receive_time)",
+        "@combine(a: @receive_time, b: @dispatch_time)",
+    );
+    let first = BTreeMap::from([(7, original)]);
+    let second = BTreeMap::from([(7, reordered)]);
+    let (left, _) = Index::parse(&ordinary(), &first, &mut budget()).unwrap();
+    let (right, _) = Index::parse(&ordinary(), &second, &mut budget()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        left.occurrences.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        right.occurrences.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        left.expressions.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        right.expressions.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    );
+    let labels: Vec<_> = left
+        .occurrences
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|(key, _)| key.role == TokenRole::Use(Role::ArgumentLabel))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(labels.len(), 4);
+    let paths: BTreeSet<_> = labels
+        .iter()
+        .map(|(key, _)| key.path.as_ref().unwrap().edges())
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(
+        paths,
+        BTreeSet::from([vec![Child::Left], vec![Child::Right]])
+    );
+    let spans: BTreeSet<_> = labels
+        .iter()
+        .map(|(_, at)| (at.span.start, at.span.end))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(spans.len(), 4);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn index_checks_every_expression_edge_and_keeps_override_fields_distinct() {
+    let source = OA
+        .replace("body $a + $b;", "body if(if(true, 1 < 2, false), sum([$a, abs(-$b)], 0 [@second]), as_kind(@duration, power(1 [@second], 2) / 1 [@second]));")
+        .replace("@receive_time = 1250 [@millisecond];", "@receive_time = @combine(a: 1 [@second], b: 2 [@second]); @dispatch_time = @combine(b: 2 [@second], a: 1 [@second]);");
+    let sources = BTreeMap::from([(17, source)]);
+    let (index, lowered) = Index::parse(&ordinary(), &sources, &mut budget()).unwrap();
+    let mut project = ordinary();
+    project.definitions.extend(lowered.definitions);
+    project.elements.extend(lowered.elements);
+    a::admit(&project, a::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE).unwrap();
+    let edges: BTreeSet<_> = index
+        .expressions
+        .keys()
+        .flat_map(|key| key.path.edges())
+        .collect();
+    for edge in [
+        Child::Item(0),
+        Child::Item(1),
+        Child::Operand,
+        Child::Left,
+        Child::Right,
+        Child::Condition,
+        Child::WhenTrue,
+        Child::WhenFalse,
+        Child::Values,
+        Child::Initial,
+        Child::Base,
+        Child::Value,
+    ] {
+        assert!(edges.contains(&edge), "missing {edge:?}");
+    }
+    assert!(edges.iter().any(|edge| matches!(edge, Child::Argument(_))));
+    let labels: Vec<_> = index
+        .occurrences
+        .keys()
+        .filter(|key| {
+            key.role == TokenRole::Use(Role::ArgumentLabel)
+                && matches!(key.field, Some(Field::Override(_)))
+        })
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(labels.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(
+        labels
+            .iter()
+            .map(|key| key.field)
+            .collect::<BTreeSet<_>>()
+            .len(),
+        2
+    );
+    assert!(
+        labels
+            .iter()
+            .all(|key| key.path.as_ref().unwrap().edges().is_empty())
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn arena_rejects_forward_cycles_and_cross_owner_field_file_parents() {
+    for damage in 0..6 {
+        let sources = sources();
+        let mut work = budget();
+        let (units, witnesses, mut lowered) = raw(&sources, &mut work);
+        let child = lowered
+            .expressions
+            .iter()
+            .position(|site| site.parent.is_some())
+            .unwrap();
+        let parent = lowered.expressions[child].parent.unwrap().0;
+        match damage {
+            0 => lowered.expressions[child].parent = Some((child, Child::Left)),
+            1 => lowered.expressions[parent].parent = Some((child, Child::Right)),
+            2 => lowered.expressions[child].owner = ordinary().id,
+            3 => lowered.expressions[child].field = Field::Predicate,
+            4 => lowered.expressions[child].file = 12345,
+            _ => lowered.expressions[child].parent = Some((parent, Child::Operand)),
+        }
+        assert!(
+            Index::build(
+                &ordinary(),
+                &sources,
+                &units,
+                &witnesses,
+                &lowered,
+                &mut work
+            )
+            .is_err(),
+            "damage {damage}"
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn arena_rejects_duplicate_sites_occurrences_and_wrong_callee_labels() {
+    for damage in 0..4 {
+        let mut sources = sources();
+        // The other callee is fully valid and reuses both parameter identities
+        // and spellings. Catalog/token validation must not explain rejection.
+        sources.insert(
+            31,
+            r#"calculation other "Other" id "00000000-0000-0000-0000-00000000cafe" {
+ input a id "28ff40b0-1b8f-4735-8536-5a6ab21b56cb" : Quantity(@duration);
+ input b id "7a47cc1e-8ae5-4551-b2d8-8a68108e0976" : Quantity(@duration);
+ result Quantity(@duration); body $a + $b;
+}"#
+            .into(),
+        );
+        let mut work = budget();
+        let (units, witnesses, mut lowered) = raw(&sources, &mut work);
+        let valid = Index::build(
+            &ordinary(),
+            &sources,
+            &units,
+            &witnesses,
+            &lowered,
+            &mut work,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let mut expected_mismatch_span = None;
+        match damage {
+            0 => {
+                let site = &lowered.expressions[0];
+                lowered.expressions.push(lower::ExpressionSite {
+                    file: site.file,
+                    owner: site.owner,
+                    field: site.field,
+                    parent: site.parent,
+                    span: site.span,
+                });
+            }
+            1 => {
+                let row = &lowered.occurrences[0];
+                lowered.occurrences.push(lower::Occurrence {
+                    file: row.file,
+                    owner: row.owner,
+                    field: row.field,
+                    expression: row.expression,
+                    role: row.role,
+                    target: row.target,
+                    span: row.span,
+                });
+            }
+            2 => {
+                let label = lowered
+                    .occurrences
+                    .iter_mut()
+                    .find(|row| row.role == Role::ArgumentLabel)
+                    .unwrap();
+                let original = label.target;
+                let Target::Parameter {
+                    calculation,
+                    parameter,
+                } = &mut label.target
+                else {
+                    panic!("argument label must target a parameter");
+                };
+                let other = Target::Parameter {
+                    calculation: Id::from_u128(0xcafe),
+                    parameter: *parameter,
+                };
+                assert_eq!(valid.names[&original], valid.names[&other]);
+                *calculation = Id::from_u128(0xcafe);
+                expected_mismatch_span = Some(label.span);
+            }
+            _ => {
+                let row = lowered
+                    .occurrences
+                    .iter_mut()
+                    .find(|row| row.role == Role::OverrideTarget)
+                    .unwrap();
+                row.field = Field::Override(ordinary().id);
+            }
+        }
+        let failure = Index::build(
+            &ordinary(),
+            &sources,
+            &units,
+            &witnesses,
+            &lowered,
+            &mut work,
+        )
+        .unwrap_err();
+        if let Some(span) = expected_mismatch_span {
+            assert_eq!(
+                failure.message,
+                "Argument label crosses its called calculation."
+            );
+            assert_eq!(failure.span, span);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn index_rejects_comment_partial_and_non_utf8_occurrence_spans() {
+    for damage in 0..3 {
+        let mut sources = sources();
+        let with_comment =
+            sources[&7].replace("subject @receive;", "subject @receive; // duration 雪\r\n");
+        sources.insert(7, with_comment);
+        let mut work = budget();
+        let (units, witnesses, mut lowered) = raw(&sources, &mut work);
+        let occurrence = lowered
+            .occurrences
+            .iter_mut()
+            .find(|row| row.file == 7 && &sources[&7][row.span.start..row.span.end] == "duration")
+            .unwrap();
+        match damage {
+            0 => {
+                let start = sources[&7].find("// duration").unwrap() + 3;
+                occurrence.span = Span {
+                    start,
+                    end: start + 8,
+                };
+            }
+            1 => occurrence.span.end -= 1,
+            _ => {
+                let start = sources[&7].find('雪').unwrap() + 1;
+                occurrence.span = Span {
+                    start,
+                    end: start + 1,
+                };
+            }
+        }
+        assert!(
+            Index::build(
+                &ordinary(),
+                &sources,
+                &units,
+                &witnesses,
+                &lowered,
+                &mut work
+            )
+            .is_err()
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn index_has_shared_budget_and_never_stabilizes_missing_ids() {
+    let source = "calculation f \"F\" { result Number; body unbound; }";
+    let files = BTreeMap::from([(91, source.into())]);
+    let missing = Index::parse(&ordinary(), &files, &mut budget()).unwrap_err();
+    assert_eq!(missing.file, Some(91));
+    assert!(missing.error.message.contains("stabilization"));
+    let mut limits = super::super::budget::Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.bytes = 1;
+    let mut work = Budget::new(limits).unwrap();
+    assert!(Index::parse(&ordinary(), &sources(), &mut work).is_err());
+    assert!(work.active().is_err());
+}
+
+fn on_small_stack(work: impl FnOnce() + Send + 'static) {
+    // Match the established core language_nesting_tests worker-stack request.
+    // This is a requested platform stack size, not a measured peak-byte claim.
+    std::thread::Builder::new()
+        .name("analysis-index-128k".into())
+        .stack_size(128 * 1024)
+        .spawn(work)
+        .unwrap()
+        .join()
+        .unwrap();
+}
+
+fn chain(first: Child, edges: usize) -> Path {
+    let mut path = Path::default();
+    for position in 0..edges {
+        path = Path(Some(Arc::new(Step {
+            parent: path,
+            edge: if position == 0 { first } else { Child::Operand },
+        })));
+    }
+    path
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn maximum_index_paths_compare_lookup_debug_and_drop_on_128k_stack() {
+    on_small_stack(|| {
+        let frames = super::super::budget::Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED).frames;
+        assert_eq!(frames, 256);
+        let edges = frames - 1; // root has frame depth one
+        let mut work = budget();
+        work.frame(frames, Span::default()).unwrap();
+        let left = chain(Child::Left, edges);
+        let equal = chain(Child::Left, edges); // independent allocations
+        let right = chain(Child::Right, edges);
+        assert!(!Arc::ptr_eq(
+            left.0.as_ref().unwrap(),
+            equal.0.as_ref().unwrap()
+        ));
+        assert_eq!(left, equal);
+        assert_eq!(left.partial_cmp(&equal), Some(Ordering::Equal));
+        // The difference is at the root-most edge: leaf-first walks every link.
+        assert_eq!(left.cmp(&right), Child::Left.cmp(&Child::Right));
+        assert_eq!(right.cmp(&left), left.cmp(&right).reverse());
+        assert!(Path::default() < left);
+        assert!(chain(Child::Operand, edges - 1) < chain(Child::Operand, edges));
+        let shared = left.clone();
+        assert!(Arc::ptr_eq(
+            left.0.as_ref().unwrap(),
+            shared.0.as_ref().unwrap()
+        ));
+        let leaf = Arc::downgrade(left.0.as_ref().unwrap());
+        let key = |path| ExpressionKey {
+            owner: Id::from_u128(1),
+            field: Field::Body,
+            path,
+        };
+        let mut expressions = BTreeMap::new();
+        assert_eq!(expressions.insert(key(left.clone()), 1), None);
+        assert_eq!(expressions.insert(key(equal.clone()), 2), Some(1));
+        assert_eq!(expressions.insert(key(right.clone()), 3), None);
+        assert_eq!(expressions.get(&key(equal.clone())), Some(&2));
+        assert_eq!(expressions.get(&key(chain(Child::Right, edges))), Some(&3));
+        assert_eq!(expressions.len(), 2);
+        let occurrence = |path| OccurrenceKey {
+            owner: Id::from_u128(1),
+            field: Some(Field::Body),
+            path: Some(path),
+            role: TokenRole::Use(Role::ParameterUse),
+            target: Target::Parameter {
+                calculation: Id::from_u128(1),
+                parameter: a::ParameterId(Id::from_u128(2)),
+            },
+        };
+        let mut occurrences = BTreeSet::new();
+        assert!(occurrences.insert(occurrence(left.clone())));
+        assert!(!occurrences.insert(occurrence(equal.clone())));
+        assert!(occurrences.contains(&occurrence(chain(Child::Left, edges))));
+        let debug = format!("{left:?}");
+        assert_eq!(debug.matches("Operand").count(), edges - 1);
+        assert!(debug.ends_with("Left]"));
+        assert!(!format!("{expressions:?} {occurrences:?}").is_empty());
+        drop(expressions);
+        drop(occurrences);
+        drop(shared);
+        drop(left);
+        assert!(leaf.upgrade().is_none(), "maps/clones release their chain");
+        drop(equal);
+        drop(right);
+        // Dropping a child stops at a shared ancestor, which remains usable.
+        let parent = chain(Child::Left, edges - 1);
+        let ancestor = Arc::downgrade(parent.0.as_ref().unwrap());
+        let child = Path(Some(Arc::new(Step {
+            parent: parent.clone(),
+            edge: Child::Right,
+        })));
+        drop(child);
+        assert_eq!(parent.edges().len(), edges - 1);
+        drop(parent);
+        assert!(ancestor.upgrade().is_none());
+        // No other strong owners: final destruction must peel the full chain.
+        let unique = chain(Child::Left, edges);
+        let final_leaf = Arc::downgrade(unique.0.as_ref().unwrap());
+        drop(unique);
+        assert!(final_leaf.upgrade().is_none());
+    });
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn deep_parse_index_plan_and_failed_build_cleanup_on_128k_stack() {
+    on_small_stack(|| {
+        use super::super::update::Plan;
+        let deep = format!("{}$a{}", "abs(".repeat(127), ")".repeat(127));
+        let source = format!(
+            r#"calculation f "Deep 雪" id "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000081" {{
+ input a id "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000083" : Number;
+ result Number; body {deep};
+}}
+calculation caller "Caller" id "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000082" {{
+ result Number; body @f(a: 1);
+}}
+"#
+        );
+        let sources = BTreeMap::from([(47, source.clone())]);
+        let skeleton = ordinary();
+        let mut work = budget();
+        let (index, lowered) = Index::parse(&skeleton, &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(work.usage.bytes, source.len());
+        assert_eq!(index.expressions.len(), 130); // 128 unary/leaf + call/argument
+        assert_eq!(
+            index.expressions.keys().map(|k| k.path.edges().len()).max(),
+            Some(127)
+        );
+        let renames = BTreeMap::from([
+            (Target::Global(Id::from_u128(0x81)), "renamed_deep".into()),
+            (
+                Target::Parameter {
+                    calculation: Id::from_u128(0x81),
+                    parameter: a::ParameterId(Id::from_u128(0x83)),
+                },
+                "renamed_arg".into(),
+            ),
+        ]);
+        let usage = work.usage;
+        let plan = Plan::renames(&index, &renames, &work).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(plan.edit_count(), 5); // declaration/call + input/use/label
+        let output = plan.apply(&sources, &work).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(work.usage, usage);
+        // Independent complete original-token oracle; no index-derived offsets.
+        let expected_source = source
+            .replace("calculation f ", "calculation renamed_deep ")
+            .replace("input a id", "input renamed_arg id")
+            .replace("$a", "$renamed_arg")
+            .replace("@f(a: 1)", "@renamed_deep(renamed_arg: 1)");
+        assert_eq!(output, BTreeMap::from([(47, expected_source)]));
+        let (renamed_index, renamed) = Index::parse(&skeleton, &output, &mut budget()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            index.occurrences.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            renamed_index.occurrences.keys().collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        );
+        // Compare complete independently constructed models, including deepest
+        // parameter identity and the call's parameter-keyed argument map.
+        for (lowered, renamed) in [(lowered, false), (renamed, true)] {
+            let mut expected = skeleton.clone();
+            let parameter = a::ParameterId(Id::from_u128(0x83));
+            let mut expression = a::Expr::Parameter(parameter);
+            for _ in 0..127 {
+                expression = a::Expr::Unary {
+                    op: a::UnaryOp::Absolute,
+                    operand: Box::new(expression),
+                };
+            }
+            for (id, alias, name, parameters, expression) in [
+                (
+                    0x81,
+                    if renamed { "renamed_deep" } else { "f" },
+                    "Deep 雪",
+                    vec![a::Parameter {
+                        id: parameter,
+                        name: if renamed { "renamed_arg" } else { "a" }.into(),
+                        value_type: a::AnalysisType::Scalar(a::ScalarType::Number),
+                    }],
+                    expression,
+                ),
+                (
+                    0x82,
+                    "caller",
+                    "Caller",
+                    Vec::new(),
+                    a::Expr::Call {
+                        definition: a::DefinitionRef::Local(Id::from_u128(0x81)),
+                        arguments: BTreeMap::from([(
+                            parameter,
+                            a::Expr::Number(crate::analysis_numeric::Exact::from_integer(1)),
+                        )]),
+                    },
+                ),
+            ] {
+                let id = Id::from_u128(id);
+                expected.definitions.insert(
+                    id,
+                    a::Definition {
+                        id,
+                        alias: alias.into(),
+                        name: name.into(),
+                        description: String::new(),
+                        body: a::DefinitionBody::Calculation(a::CalculationDefinition {
+                            parameters,
+                            result: a::AnalysisType::Scalar(a::ScalarType::Number),
+                            body: a::Binding::Expression(expression),
+                        }),
+                    },
+                );
+            }
+            let mut actual = skeleton.clone();
+            actual.definitions.extend(lowered.definitions);
+            actual.elements.extend(lowered.elements);
+            assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+            a::admit(&actual, a::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE).unwrap();
+            drop(actual);
+            drop(expected);
+        }
+        drop(plan);
+        drop(renamed_index);
+        drop(index);
+        // Failure after the deepest keys have been allocated must clean up on
+        // the same stack; no modified Lowered escapes this private test seam.
+        let mut work = budget();
+        let (units, witnesses, mut lowered) = raw(&sources, &mut work);
+        let deepest = lowered
+            .expressions
+            .iter()
+            .find(|site| &sources[&site.file][site.span.start..site.span.end] == "$a")
+            .unwrap();
+        lowered.expressions.push(lower::ExpressionSite {
+            file: deepest.file,
+            owner: deepest.owner,
+            field: deepest.field,
+            parent: deepest.parent,
+            span: deepest.span,
+        });
+        let failure =
+            Index::build(&skeleton, &sources, &units, &witnesses, &lowered, &mut work).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(failure.message, "Duplicate qualified expression path.");
+        lowered.expressions.pop();
+        let mut limits = super::super::budget::Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+        limits.frames = 127;
+        let mut bounded = Budget::new(limits).unwrap();
+        let failure = Index::build(
+            &skeleton,
+            &sources,
+            &units,
+            &witnesses,
+            &lowered,
+            &mut bounded,
+        )
+        .unwrap_err();
+        assert!(failure.message.contains("syntax frames"));
+        assert!(bounded.active().is_err());
+        drop(lowered);
+        drop(witnesses);
+        drop(units);
+        let rejected = BTreeMap::from([(47, source.replace(&deep, &format!("abs({deep})")))]);
+        let failure = Index::parse(&skeleton, &rejected, &mut budget()).unwrap_err();
+        assert!(failure.error.message.contains("logical depth"));
+    });
+}

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/lower.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub(super) enum Category {
     Calculation,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub(super) enum Target {
     Global(Id),
     Parameter {
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ pub(super) enum Target {
     },
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub(super) enum Field {
     Algebra,
     Kind,
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub(super) enum Field {
     Override(Id),
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub(super) enum Role {
     Reference,
     ParameterDeclaration,
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ pub(super) enum Role {
 }
 
 /// Stable structural edges, independent of alias spelling and argument order.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
 pub(super) enum Child {
     Item(usize),
     Operand,
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ struct Symbol {
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
-struct Tables {
+pub(super) struct Tables {
     aliases: BTreeMap<String, Symbol>,
     ids: BTreeSet<Id>,
     parameters: BTreeMap<Id, BTreeMap<String, a::ParameterId>>,
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ impl Tables {
         self.entries += 1;
         Ok(())
     }
-    fn insert(
+    pub(super) fn insert(
         &mut self,
         id: Id,
         alias: &str,
@@ -233,7 +233,11 @@ impl Tables {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn typed(&mut self, declaration: &Declaration, budget: &Budget) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub(super) fn typed(
+        &mut self,
+        declaration: &Declaration,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
         let header = &declaration.header;
         let id = identity(&header.identity, header.alias.span)?;
         self.insert(
@@ -299,31 +303,49 @@ pub(super) fn lower(
             })?;
         }
     }
+    lower_bodies(
+        &tables,
+        units
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|unit| unit.declarations.iter().map(move |d| (unit.file, d))),
+        budget,
+    )
+}
+
+/// Catalog and borrowed declarations must be from the same private witness.
+/// The mixed caller reserves aggregate live storage before entering this body;
+/// the legacy wrapper retains its original individual phase checks.
+pub(super) fn lower_bodies<'a>(
+    tables: &Tables,
+    declarations: impl IntoIterator<Item = (usize, &'a Declaration)>,
+    budget: &Budget,
+) -> Result<Lowered, Failure> {
+    budget
+        .active()
+        .map_err(|error| Failure { file: None, error })?;
     let mut output = Lowered {
         definitions: BTreeMap::new(),
         elements: BTreeMap::new(),
         occurrences: Vec::new(),
         expressions: Vec::new(),
     };
-    for unit in units {
-        for declaration in &unit.declarations {
-            let owner = declaration
-                .header
-                .identity
-                .value
-                .expect("collected stable identity");
-            let mut resolver = Resolver {
-                tables: &tables,
-                output: &mut output,
-                budget,
-                file: unit.file,
-                owner,
-            };
-            resolver.declaration(declaration).map_err(|error| Failure {
-                file: Some(unit.file),
-                error,
-            })?;
-        }
+    for (file, declaration) in declarations {
+        let owner = declaration
+            .header
+            .identity
+            .value
+            .expect("collected stable identity");
+        let mut resolver = Resolver {
+            tables,
+            output: &mut output,
+            budget,
+            file,
+            owner,
+        };
+        resolver.declaration(declaration).map_err(|error| Failure {
+            file: Some(file),
+            error,
+        })?;
     }
     Ok(output)
 }

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/mixed.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+//! Private syntax-only complete-bundle witness. No model admission or edit authority.
+//!
+//! One scan charges original bytes and raw tokens (including trivia). Typed
+//! syntax keeps its existing entry/reference/numeric charges. Ordinary syntax
+//! charges one entry per project/declaration/include/description, field, and
+//! value before allocation; array values already account for their list slots.
+//! These private storage ceilings are independent of caller model record counts.
+//! Ordinary references consume value storage, not ordered-model-step allowance.
+//! Typed reference occurrences retain the caller max_step_references ceiling.
+//! Only declaration graph/record counts are known here; semantic nested-model
+//! records and ordinary ordered steps still require the later complete admission.
+//! Metadata phase slots aggregate across all files: retained token-end indices,
+//! value-end entries, projected value/field/header/declaration positions, lexical
+//! owner slots and the file table. Checks do not recharge syntax or latch errors;
+//! every failure must return immediately. Tokens themselves use the token bound.
+//! This deliberately bounded staging policy is not calibrated public source8.
+
+use super::{
+    budget::{Budget, Limits},
+    cursor::Cursor,
+    declarations, lex,
+};
+use crate::Id;
+use crate::language::{
+    self, Ast, EditDeclaration, Error, Lexeme, ParseLimits, Parser, SourceUnit, Span, TokenClass,
+};
+use crate::source_project::{ProjectLimits, SourceBundle, SourceDiagnostic, traversal::Traversal};
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+struct ModelCounts {
+    limits: ProjectLimits,
+    graph: usize,
+    records: usize,
+    includes: usize,
+}
+
+pub(super) struct ParsedMixedSyntax<'s> {
+    bundle: &'s SourceBundle,
+    // Preserve caller policy for the later semantic pass. Syntax storage uses
+    // separate ceilings and cannot stand in for these graph/record/step limits.
+    limits: ProjectLimits,
+    files: Vec<FileSyntax<'s>>,
+    budget: Budget,
+    // Includes the conservative dropped value-end subtotal. The semantic
+    // phase adds syntax entries to this once, not tokens/positions again.
+    metadata: usize,
+}
+
+struct FileSyntax<'s> {
+    path: &'s str,
+    source: &'s str,
+    tokens: Vec<lex::Token>,
+    ordinary: SourceUnit,
+    typed: Vec<declarations::Declaration>,
+    positions: Vec<(Id, EditDeclaration)>,
+    // A lexical owner is an occurrence index, not only a possibly repeated UUID.
+    lexical_owners: Vec<Option<usize>>,
+}
+
+// Only Parser borrows this state; the stored witness has no self-reference.
+pub(in crate::language) struct State<'a> {
+    source: &'a str,
+    tokens: &'a [lex::Token],
+    budget: &'a mut Budget,
+    model: &'a mut ModelCounts,
+    typed: Vec<declarations::Declaration>,
+    pub(in crate::language) value_ends: BTreeMap<usize, usize>,
+    pub(in crate::language) lexical_owners: Vec<Option<usize>>,
+}
+
+fn ordinary_error(error: super::Error) -> Error {
+    Error {
+        code: "invalid_source",
+        offset: error.span.start,
+        message: error.message,
+    }
+}
+
+fn lexeme(token: lex::Token) -> Lexeme {
+    Lexeme {
+        class: match token.class {
+            lex::Class::Word => TokenClass::Identifier,
+            lex::Class::Number => TokenClass::Number,
+            lex::Class::String => TokenClass::String,
+            lex::Class::Punctuation => TokenClass::Punctuation,
+        },
+        span: token.span,
+    }
+}
+
+impl State<'_> {
+    pub(in crate::language) fn token(&self, at: usize) -> Option<Lexeme> {
+        self.tokens.get(at).copied().map(lexeme)
+    }
+    pub(in crate::language) fn entry(&mut self, at: Span) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.budget.entry(at).map_err(ordinary_error)
+    }
+    pub(in crate::language) fn record(&mut self, graph: bool, at: Span) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let records = self.model.records.checked_add(1);
+        let graph = self.model.graph.checked_add(usize::from(graph));
+        let (Some(records), Some(graph)) = (records, graph) else {
+            return Err(Error {
+                code: "model_limit",
+                offset: at.start,
+                message: "Declaration count overflow.".into(),
+            });
+        };
+        self.model
+            .limits
+            .model
+            .check_counts(graph, records, 0)
+            .map_err(|message| Error {
+                code: "model_limit",
+                offset: at.start,
+                message,
+            })?;
+        self.model.records = records;
+        self.model.graph = graph;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    pub(in crate::language) fn include(&mut self, at: Span) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if self.model.includes >= self.model.limits.max_include_edges {
+            return Err(Error {
+                code: "project_limit",
+                offset: at.start,
+                message: format!(
+                    "Include graph exceeds {} edges.",
+                    self.model.limits.max_include_edges
+                ),
+            });
+        }
+        self.model.includes += 1;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    pub(in crate::language) fn ordinary_number(
+        &self,
+        at: &mut usize,
+    ) -> Result<serde_json::Value, Error> {
+        let first = self.tokens[*at];
+        let mut end = first.span.end;
+        let mut after = *at + 1;
+        // Match the old greedy numeric alphabet only across byte-adjacent raw
+        // tokens. This is consumption of the shared stream, not another scan.
+        while let Some(next) = self.tokens.get(after) {
+            if next.span.start != end
+                || !self.source[next.span.start..next.span.end]
+                    .bytes()
+                    .all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || b"_.+-".contains(&byte))
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+            end = next.span.end;
+            after += 1;
+        }
+        let value: serde_json::Number = serde_json::from_str(&self.source[first.span.start..end])
+            .map_err(|_| Error {
+            code: "invalid_source",
+            offset: first.span.start,
+            message: "Expected a byte-adjacent finite JSON decimal number.".into(),
+        })?;
+        *at = after;
+        Ok(serde_json::Value::Number(value))
+    }
+    pub(in crate::language) fn typed_header(&self, at: usize, root: bool) -> bool {
+        let Some(token) = self.tokens.get(at) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        if declarations::declaration_kind(&self.source[token.span.start..token.span.end]).is_none()
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // A generic field named `unit` remains an ordinary field. A declaration
+        // header has an alias and display-name token; only that shape is nested.
+        root || (self
+            .tokens
+            .get(at + 1)
+            .is_some_and(|t| t.class == lex::Class::Word)
+            && self
+                .tokens
+                .get(at + 2)
+                .is_some_and(|t| t.class == lex::Class::String))
+    }
+    pub(in crate::language) fn parse_typed(
+        &mut self,
+        at: &mut usize,
+        owner: Option<Id>,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        // Transfer the one active position into the typed consumer and back;
+        // neither consumer scans, clones a stream, nor runs concurrently.
+        self.record(true, self.tokens[*at].span)?;
+        let mut cursor = Cursor::new(self.source, self.tokens, self.budget);
+        cursor.cursor = *at;
+        let result = declarations::parse(&mut cursor, 8, owner);
+        *at = cursor.cursor;
+        let declaration = result.map_err(ordinary_error)?;
+        let missing = declaration.header.identity.value.is_none()
+            || matches!(&declaration.body, declarations::Body::Calculation { parameters, .. }
+                if parameters.iter().any(|p| p.identity.value.is_none()));
+        if missing {
+            return Err(Error {
+                code: "invalid_source",
+                offset: declaration.span.start,
+                message: "Private mixed syntax requires explicit IDs.".into(),
+            });
+        }
+        self.typed.push(declaration);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub(in crate::language) fn long_analysis_word(word: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        word,
+        "oa_engineering_property"
+            | "sa_engineering_property"
+            | "oa_analysis_check"
+            | "sa_analysis_check"
+            | "oa_analysis_case"
+            | "sa_analysis_case"
+    )
+}
+
+pub(super) fn parse(
+    bundle: &SourceBundle,
+    limits: ProjectLimits,
+) -> Result<ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>, Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
+    let profile = Limits::source8(ParseLimits {
+        // Storage is not the caller's final model record/ordered-step accounting.
+        max_source_bytes: limits.model.max_source_bytes,
+        max_step_references: limits.model.max_step_references,
+        ..ParseLimits::UNLIMITED
+    });
+    parse_with_profile(bundle, limits, profile)
+}
+
+fn located(path: &str, source: &str, error: Error) -> Vec<SourceDiagnostic> {
+    vec![SourceDiagnostic {
+        path: path.into(),
+        diagnostic: language::diagnostic(source, error),
+        related: Vec::new(),
+    }]
+}
+
+fn parse_with_profile(
+    bundle: &SourceBundle,
+    limits: ProjectLimits,
+    profile: Limits,
+) -> Result<ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>, Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
+    let entry_source = bundle.files.get(&bundle.entry).map_or("", String::as_str);
+    let at_entry = |error| located(&bundle.entry, entry_source, ordinary_error(error));
+    let maximum = Limits::source8(ParseLimits {
+        max_source_bytes: limits.model.max_source_bytes,
+        max_step_references: limits.model.max_step_references,
+        ..ParseLimits::UNLIMITED
+    });
+    if profile.bytes > maximum.bytes
+        || profile.tokens > maximum.tokens
+        || profile.entries > maximum.entries
+        || profile.references > maximum.references
+        || profile.frames > maximum.frames
+        || profile.numeric_units > maximum.numeric_units
+    {
+        return Err(at_entry(super::error(
+            Span::default(),
+            "Mixed test profile may only tighten inherited limits.",
+        )));
+    }
+    let mut budget = Budget::new(profile).map_err(at_entry)?;
+    let bytes = bundle
+        .files
+        .values()
+        .try_fold(0usize, |n, s| n.checked_add(s.len()))
+        .ok_or_else(|| at_entry(super::error(Span::default(), "Source size overflow.")))?;
+    budget
+        .index_bytes(bytes, Span::default())
+        .map_err(at_entry)?;
+    let mut metadata = bundle.files.len();
+    budget
+        .lowering_entries(metadata, Span::default())
+        .map_err(at_entry)?;
+    // Tighter private byte/file-slot limits precede folded-path table and
+    // traversal allocations. Public Traversal's own validation order is intact.
+    let mut traversal = Traversal::new(bundle, limits)?;
+    let mut parsed = BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut model = ModelCounts {
+        limits,
+        graph: 0,
+        records: 0,
+        includes: 0,
+    };
+    while let Some(path) = traversal.next()? {
+        let (path, source) = bundle
+            .files
+            .get_key_value(&path)
+            .expect("traversal checked source");
+        let failure = |error| located(path, source, ordinary_error(error));
+        let tokens = lex::tokens(source, &mut budget).map_err(failure)?;
+        let mut parser = Parser {
+            source,
+            tokens: Vec::new(),
+            cursor: 0,
+            value_depth: 0,
+            limits: limits.model,
+            mixed: Some(State {
+                source,
+                tokens: &tokens,
+                budget: &mut budget,
+                model: &mut model,
+                typed: Vec::new(),
+                value_ends: BTreeMap::new(),
+                lexical_owners: Vec::new(),
+            }),
+        };
+        let ordinary = parser
+            .unit(path == &bundle.entry, true)
+            .map_err(|e| located(path, source, e))?;
+        let state = parser.mixed.take().expect("private parser state");
+        drop(parser);
+        // Projected ordinary AST nodes/fields are bounded before constructing a
+        // second position representation. Count references as slots, not syntax.
+        let projection_slots = ordinary_position_slots(&ordinary);
+        metadata = metadata
+            .checked_add(tokens.len())
+            .and_then(|n| n.checked_add(state.value_ends.len()))
+            .and_then(|n| n.checked_add(projection_slots))
+            .and_then(|n| n.checked_add(state.lexical_owners.len()))
+            .ok_or_else(|| failure(super::error(Span::default(), "Metadata size overflow.")))?;
+        state
+            .budget
+            .lowering_entries(metadata, Span::default())
+            .map_err(failure)?;
+        let positions = language::edit_positions_from_tokens(
+            source,
+            &ordinary,
+            |at| lexeme(tokens[at]),
+            tokens.len(),
+            Some(&state.value_ends),
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            vec![SourceDiagnostic {
+                path: path.clone(),
+                diagnostic: *e,
+                related: Vec::new(),
+            }]
+        })?;
+        for (raw, span) in &ordinary.includes {
+            traversal.include(path, raw, *span)?;
+        }
+        traversal.finish_file(path.clone());
+        let State {
+            typed,
+            lexical_owners,
+            ..
+        } = state;
+        parsed.insert(
+            path.as_str(),
+            FileSyntax {
+                path,
+                source,
+                tokens,
+                ordinary,
+                typed,
+                positions,
+                lexical_owners,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    traversal.finish()?;
+    budget.active().map_err(at_entry)?;
+    Ok(ParsedMixedSyntax {
+        bundle,
+        limits,
+        files: parsed.into_values().collect(),
+        budget,
+        metadata,
+    })
+}
+
+fn ordinary_position_slots(unit: &SourceUnit) -> usize {
+    // Iterative accounting avoids adding a second recursive walk before the
+    // already depth-bounded position projection. Each reference is one value.
+    let mut slots = 0usize;
+    let mut stack = Vec::new();
+    for declaration in &unit.declarations {
+        slots = slots.saturating_add(7); // declaration/body + at most five header roles
+        slots = slots.saturating_add(declaration.fields.len());
+        stack.extend(declaration.fields.values());
+    }
+    while let Some(value) = stack.pop() {
+        slots = slots.saturating_add(1);
+        match value {
+            Ast::Array(items, _) => stack.extend(items),
+            Ast::Object(fields, _) => {
+                slots = slots.saturating_add(fields.len());
+                stack.extend(fields.values());
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    slots
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+pub(super) mod project;

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/mixed/project.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,639 @@
+//! Private complete-Project admission from the actual complete syntax witness.
+//! No Index, update authority, public source8 dispatch or replacement policy.
+use super::super::{
+    Binding, Budget, Error as TypedError, Expression, ExpressionKind, Reference, Span,
+    declarations as d, error, lower,
+};
+use super::{FileSyntax, ParsedMixedSyntax};
+use crate::language::{Ast, DeclKind};
+use crate::source_project::{SourceDiagnostic, SourceLocation};
+use crate::{Id, Kind, Project, RelationKind, analysis, language, validation};
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+mod accounting;
+use accounting::{Ledger, Slots, add};
+
+/// Read-only authority: every component originates in the consumed syntax.
+pub(in crate::language::analysis_source) struct ResolvedMixedProject<'s> {
+    syntax: ParsedMixedSyntax<'s>,
+    project: Project,
+    warnings: Vec<SourceDiagnostic>,
+    static_limits: analysis::AdmissionLimits,
+    static_usage: analysis::AdmissionUsage,
+    expressions: Vec<lower::ExpressionSite>,
+    occurrences: Vec<lower::Occurrence>,
+    storage: Ledger,
+}
+impl ResolvedMixedProject<'_> {
+    pub fn project(&self) -> &Project {
+        &self.project
+    }
+    pub fn warnings(&self) -> &[SourceDiagnostic] {
+        &self.warnings
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(in crate::language::analysis_source) struct Failure {
+    pub diagnostics: Vec<SourceDiagnostic>,
+}
+impl Failure {
+    // Rejection transport is not retained in a successful witness. In particular
+    // a storage refusal needs a small diagnostic even when its allowance is zero.
+    fn typed(syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>, file: Option<usize>, e: TypedError) -> Self {
+        let mut failure = Self::ordinary(
+            syntax,
+            file,
+            language::Error {
+                code: "invalid_source",
+                offset: e.span.start,
+                message: e.message,
+            },
+        );
+        failure.diagnostics[0].diagnostic.span = e.span;
+        failure
+    }
+    fn ordinary(syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>, file: Option<usize>, e: language::Error) -> Self {
+        let file = file.unwrap_or_else(|| entry(syntax));
+        let unit = &syntax.files[file];
+        Self {
+            diagnostics: super::located(unit.path, unit.source, e),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum OwnerKind {
+    Project,
+    Ordinary(usize),
+    Typed(usize),
+}
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+struct Owner {
+    file: usize,
+    kind: OwnerKind,
+    span: Span,
+}
+struct Catalog {
+    tables: lower::Tables,
+    aliases: BTreeMap<String, Id>,
+    owners: BTreeMap<Id, Owner>,
+    tables_storage: Slots,
+    aliases_storage: Slots,
+    owners_storage: Slots,
+}
+fn entry(syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>) -> usize {
+    syntax
+        .files
+        .iter()
+        .position(|f| f.path == syntax.bundle.entry)
+        .expect("complete entry")
+}
+fn category(kind: DeclKind) -> lower::Category {
+    match kind {
+        DeclKind::Element(kind, layer) => lower::Category::Element(kind, layer),
+        DeclKind::Relation(_) => lower::Category::Relation,
+        DeclKind::Diagram => lower::Category::Diagram,
+        DeclKind::Node => lower::Category::Node,
+        DeclKind::Artifact => lower::Category::Artifact,
+        DeclKind::Trace => lower::Category::Trace,
+    }
+}
+impl Catalog {
+    fn insert(
+        &mut self,
+        syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>,
+        ledger: &mut Ledger,
+        id: Id,
+        alias: &str,
+        owner: Owner,
+    ) -> Result<(), Failure> {
+        // Alias first, even when both aliases and IDs collide. Owner is an
+        // occurrence position, never a lookup through the rejected UUID.
+        let prior = self
+            .aliases
+            .get(alias)
+            .map(|id| ("alias", self.owners[id]))
+            .or_else(|| self.owners.get(&id).map(|o| ("identity", *o)));
+        if let Some((domain, prior)) = prior {
+            let mut failure = Failure::typed(
+                syntax,
+                Some(owner.file),
+                error(owner.span, format!("Duplicate global {domain}.")),
+            );
+            failure.diagnostics[0].related.push(SourceLocation {
+                path: syntax.files[prior.file].path.into(),
+                span: prior.span,
+            });
+            return Err(failure);
+        }
+        let alias_slots = Slots {
+            entries: 1,
+            text: alias.len(),
+            ..Slots::default()
+        };
+        ledger
+            .reserve(
+                &syntax.budget,
+                alias_slots
+                    .add(Slots::entries(1), owner.span)
+                    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?,
+                owner.span,
+            )
+            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        self.aliases_storage = self
+            .aliases_storage
+            .add(alias_slots, owner.span)
+            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        self.owners_storage = self
+            .owners_storage
+            .add(Slots::entries(1), owner.span)
+            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        self.aliases.insert(alias.into(), id);
+        self.owners.insert(id, owner);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    fn reserve_tables(
+        &mut self,
+        syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>,
+        ledger: &mut Ledger,
+        slots: Slots,
+        owner: Owner,
+    ) -> Result<(), Failure> {
+        ledger
+            .reserve(&syntax.budget, slots, owner.span)
+            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        self.tables_storage = self
+            .tables_storage
+            .add(slots, owner.span)
+            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+fn catalog(syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>, ledger: &mut Ledger) -> Result<Catalog, Failure> {
+    let mut catalog = Catalog {
+        tables: lower::Tables::default(),
+        aliases: BTreeMap::new(),
+        owners: BTreeMap::new(),
+        tables_storage: Slots::default(),
+        aliases_storage: Slots::default(),
+        owners_storage: Slots::default(),
+    };
+    let file = entry(syntax);
+    let header = syntax.files[file]
+        .ordinary
+        .header
+        .as_ref()
+        .expect("entry header");
+    let owner = Owner {
+        file,
+        kind: OwnerKind::Project,
+        span: header.span,
+    };
+    catalog.insert(
+        syntax,
+        ledger,
+        header.project.id,
+        &header.project.alias,
+        owner,
+    )?;
+    catalog.reserve_tables(
+        syntax,
+        ledger,
+        Slots {
+            entries: 2,
+            text: header.project.alias.len(),
+            ..Slots::default()
+        },
+        owner,
+    )?;
+    catalog
+        .tables
+        .insert(
+            header.project.id,
+            &header.project.alias,
+            lower::Category::Project,
+            header.span,
+            &syntax.budget,
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+    for (file, unit) in syntax.files.iter().enumerate() {
+        let mut ordinary = unit.ordinary.declarations.iter().enumerate().peekable();
+        let mut typed = unit.typed.iter().enumerate().peekable();
+        while ordinary.peek().is_some() || typed.peek().is_some() {
+            let use_ordinary = match (ordinary.peek(), typed.peek()) {
+                (Some((_, a)), Some((_, b))) => a.span.start < b.span.start,
+                (Some(_), None) => true,
+                _ => false,
+            };
+            if use_ordinary {
+                let (index, d) = ordinary.next().expect("ordinary head");
+                let owner = Owner {
+                    file,
+                    kind: OwnerKind::Ordinary(index),
+                    span: d.span,
+                };
+                catalog.insert(syntax, ledger, d.id, &d.alias, owner)?;
+                catalog.reserve_tables(
+                    syntax,
+                    ledger,
+                    Slots {
+                        entries: 2,
+                        text: d.alias.len(),
+                        ..Slots::default()
+                    },
+                    owner,
+                )?;
+                catalog
+                    .tables
+                    .insert(d.id, &d.alias, category(d.kind), d.span, &syntax.budget)
+                    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+            } else {
+                let (index, d) = typed.next().expect("typed head");
+                let owner = Owner {
+                    file,
+                    kind: OwnerKind::Typed(index),
+                    span: d.span,
+                };
+                catalog.insert(
+                    syntax,
+                    ledger,
+                    d.header.identity.value.expect("syntax explicit ID"),
+                    &d.header.alias.name,
+                    owner,
+                )?;
+                let mut slots = Slots {
+                    entries: 2,
+                    text: d.header.alias.name.len(),
+                    ..Slots::default()
+                };
+                let mut scratch = 0;
+                if let d::Body::Calculation { parameters, .. } = &d.body {
+                    slots.entries = add(
+                        slots.entries,
+                        add(1, parameters.len(), d.span)
+                            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?,
+                        d.span,
+                    )
+                    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+                    scratch = parameters.len(); // per-signature duplicate-ID set
+                    for p in parameters {
+                        slots.text = add(slots.text, p.name.name.len(), p.span)
+                            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+                    }
+                }
+                catalog.reserve_tables(syntax, ledger, slots, owner)?;
+                ledger
+                    .reserve(&syntax.budget, Slots::entries(scratch), d.span)
+                    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+                catalog
+                    .tables
+                    .typed(d, &syntax.budget)
+                    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+                ledger.release(Slots::entries(scratch));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(catalog)
+}
+
+fn object<'a>(value: Option<&'a Ast>, key: &str) -> Option<&'a Ast> {
+    match value {
+        Some(Ast::Object(fields, _)) => fields.get(key),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+/// Selector only, not a decoder. This executes before ordinary fields clone.
+fn active_references(
+    declaration: &language::Declaration,
+    budget: &mut Budget,
+) -> Result<(), language::Error> {
+    let field = |key: &str| declaration.fields.get(key);
+    let arrays = match declaration.kind {
+        DeclKind::Element(Kind::Process | Kind::FunctionalChain | Kind::Scenario, _) => {
+            [field("steps"), None]
+        }
+        DeclKind::Element(Kind::Occurrence, _) => {
+            [object(object(field("body"), "Branch"), "occurrences"), None]
+        }
+        DeclKind::Relation(RelationKind::ContextualLink) => [
+            object(field("source"), "references"),
+            object(field("target"), "references"),
+        ],
+        _ => [None, None],
+    };
+    for array in arrays.into_iter().flatten() {
+        if let Ast::Array(items, _) = array {
+            for item in items {
+                let start = item.offset();
+                budget
+                    .reference(Span { start, end: start })
+                    .map_err(super::ordinary_error)?;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub(in crate::language::analysis_source) fn resolve(
+    mut syntax: ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>,
+) -> Result<ResolvedMixedProject<'_>, Failure> {
+    let mut storage = Ledger::default();
+    let lower_storage = accounting::syntax(&syntax, &mut storage)?;
+    let catalog = catalog(&syntax, &mut storage)?;
+    let entry = entry(&syntax);
+    // Only the empty model header is copied: retain its original syntax/header
+    // ownership and construct the final model through the shared decoder once.
+    let project = syntax.files[entry]
+        .ordinary
+        .header
+        .as_ref()
+        .expect("entry header")
+        .project
+        .clone();
+    let count = syntax
+        .files
+        .iter()
+        .try_fold(0usize, |n, f| {
+            add(n, f.ordinary.declarations.len(), Span::default())
+        })
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, None, e))?;
+    storage
+        .reserve(&syntax.budget, Slots::entries(count), Span::default())
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, None, e))?;
+    let declarations: Vec<_> = syntax
+        .files
+        .iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .flat_map(|(file, unit)| unit.ordinary.declarations.iter().map(move |d| (file, d)))
+        .collect();
+    let mut nodes = 0;
+    let constructed = language::construct_declarations(
+        project,
+        declarations.iter().map(|(_, d)| *d),
+        &catalog.aliases,
+        |d| {
+            active_references(d, &mut syntax.budget)?;
+            if matches!(d.kind, DeclKind::Node) {
+                storage
+                    .reserve(&syntax.budget, Slots::entries(1), d.span)
+                    .map_err(super::ordinary_error)?;
+                nodes += 1;
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        },
+    )
+    .map_err(|(index, error)| {
+        Failure::ordinary(
+            &syntax,
+            declarations.get(index).map(|(file, _)| *file),
+            error,
+        )
+    })?;
+    let language::ConstructedDeclarations {
+        mut project,
+        legacy_elements,
+    } = constructed;
+    debug_assert!(legacy_elements.is_empty()); // mixed syntax only admits source8
+    drop(legacy_elements);
+    drop(declarations);
+    storage.release(Slots::entries(count));
+    storage.release(Slots::entries(nodes));
+    drop(catalog.aliases);
+    storage.release(catalog.aliases_storage);
+
+    let all_lower = lower_storage
+        .all()
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, None, e))?;
+    storage
+        .reserve(&syntax.budget, all_lower, Span::default())
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, None, e))?;
+    let lower::Lowered {
+        definitions,
+        elements,
+        occurrences,
+        expressions,
+    } = lower::lower_bodies(
+        &catalog.tables,
+        syntax
+            .files
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .flat_map(|(file, unit)| unit.typed.iter().map(move |d| (file, d))),
+        &syntax.budget,
+    )
+    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, e.file, e.error))?;
+    // One global arena transfers verbatim; only now are all Resolver temporaries
+    // dead. Output counts must fit the independently counted reservation.
+    storage.release(Slots {
+        entries: all_lower
+            .entries
+            .checked_sub(expressions.len())
+            .expect("expression bound"),
+        occurrences: all_lower
+            .occurrences
+            .checked_sub(occurrences.len())
+            .expect("occurrence bound"),
+        text: 0,
+    });
+    drop(catalog.tables);
+    storage.release(catalog.tables_storage);
+    for (id, value) in definitions {
+        if project.definitions.contains_key(&id) {
+            return Err(Failure::typed(
+                &syntax,
+                None,
+                error(Span::default(), "Non-disjoint definition merge."),
+            ));
+        }
+        project.definitions.insert(id, value);
+    }
+    for (id, value) in elements {
+        if project.elements.contains_key(&id) {
+            return Err(Failure::typed(
+                &syntax,
+                None,
+                error(Span::default(), "Non-disjoint element merge."),
+            ));
+        }
+        project.elements.insert(id, value);
+    }
+    syntax
+        .limits
+        .model
+        .check_model(&project)
+        .map_err(|message| {
+            Failure::ordinary(
+                &syntax,
+                None,
+                language::Error {
+                    code: "model_limit",
+                    offset: 0,
+                    message,
+                },
+            )
+        })?;
+    let (issues, admission) = validation::validate_with_usage(&project);
+    // Raw architecture Issues are excluded. Each transferred string, copied path
+    // and destination slot is admitted before mapping/retention; never truncate.
+    let mut warnings = Vec::new();
+    let mut rejected = false;
+    for issue in issues {
+        let owner = issue
+            .element
+            .and_then(|id| catalog.owners.get(&id))
+            .copied()
+            .unwrap_or(catalog.owners[&project.id]);
+        let span = field_span(&syntax.files[owner.file], owner, issue.field.as_deref());
+        let unit = &syntax.files[owner.file];
+        let text = [
+            unit.path.len(),
+            issue.code.len(),
+            issue.field.as_ref().map_or(0, String::len),
+            issue.message.len(),
+        ]
+        .into_iter()
+        .try_fold(0, |n, k| add(n, k, span))
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        storage
+            .reserve(
+                &syntax.budget,
+                Slots {
+                    entries: 1,
+                    occurrences: 0,
+                    text,
+                },
+                span,
+            )
+            .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(&syntax, Some(owner.file), e))?;
+        rejected |= issue.severity == validation::Severity::Error;
+        let prefix = &unit.source[..span.start];
+        let line = prefix.bytes().filter(|b| *b == b'\n').count() + 1;
+        let column = prefix.rsplit('\n').next().expect("prefix").chars().count() + 1;
+        warnings.push(SourceDiagnostic {
+            path: unit.path.into(),
+            related: Vec::new(),
+            diagnostic: language::Diagnostic {
+                severity: issue.severity,
+                code: issue.code,
+                object_id: issue.element,
+                field: issue.field,
+                message: issue.message,
+                span,
+                line,
+                column,
+            },
+        });
+    }
+    if rejected {
+        return Err(Failure {
+            diagnostics: warnings,
+        });
+    }
+    let (static_limits, static_usage) = admission.expect("successful validation retains admission");
+    drop(catalog.owners);
+    storage.release(catalog.owners_storage);
+    Ok(ResolvedMixedProject {
+        syntax,
+        project,
+        warnings,
+        static_limits,
+        static_usage,
+        expressions,
+        occurrences,
+        storage,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Exact known field or explicit whole-owner fallback. Never guess by offsets.
+fn field_span(file: &FileSyntax<'_>, owner: Owner, field: Option<&str>) -> Span {
+    let Some(field) = field else {
+        return owner.span;
+    };
+    match owner.kind {
+        OwnerKind::Project => file
+            .ordinary
+            .header
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|h| (field == "description").then_some(h.description).flatten())
+            .unwrap_or(owner.span),
+        OwnerKind::Ordinary(index) => file.ordinary.declarations[index]
+            .field_spans
+            .get(field)
+            .copied()
+            .unwrap_or(owner.span),
+        OwnerKind::Typed(index) => typed_field(&file.typed[index], field).unwrap_or(owner.span),
+    }
+}
+fn typed_field(d: &d::Declaration, field: &str) -> Option<Span> {
+    if field == "description" {
+        return d.description.as_ref().map(|f| f.value_span);
+    }
+    if field == "alias" {
+        return Some(d.header.alias.span);
+    }
+    if field == "name" {
+        return Some(d.header.name_span);
+    }
+    match &d.body {
+        d::Body::QuantityKind { dimension, algebra } => match field {
+            "dimension" => Some(dimension.value_span),
+            "algebra" => Some(algebra.value_span),
+            _ => None,
+        },
+        d::Body::Unit {
+            kind,
+            scale,
+            offset,
+            symbol,
+        } => match field {
+            "kind" => Some(kind.value_span),
+            "scale" => Some(scale.value_span),
+            "offset" => Some(offset.value_span),
+            "symbol" => Some(symbol.value_span),
+            _ => None,
+        },
+        d::Body::Calculation { result, body, .. } => match field {
+            "result" => Some(result.value_span),
+            "body" => Some(body.value_span),
+            // Current semantic admission reports aggregate "parameters", not a
+            // qualified parameter/type path. Do not manufacture precision from
+            // a UUID substring; lowerer failures already carry exact file/span.
+            _ => None,
+        },
+        d::Body::Property {
+            subject,
+            value_type,
+            base,
+            display_unit,
+        } => match field {
+            "subject" => Some(subject.value_span),
+            "type" | "value_type" => Some(value_type.value_span),
+            "base" => Some(base.value_span),
+            "display_unit" => display_unit.as_ref().map(|f| f.value_span),
+            _ => None,
+        },
+        d::Body::Check {
+            subject,
+            documented_constraint,
+            predicate,
+        } => match field {
+            "subject" => subject.as_ref().map(|f| f.value_span),
+            "documented_constraint" => documented_constraint.as_ref().map(|f| f.value_span),
+            "predicate" => Some(predicate.value_span),
+            _ => None,
+        },
+        d::Body::Case {
+            subject,
+            base,
+            overrides,
+        } => match field {
+            "subject" => subject.as_ref().map(|f| f.value_span),
+            "base" => Some(base.value_span),
+            "overrides" => Some(overrides.value_span),
+            _ => None,
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/mixed/project/accounting.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+//! Logical auxiliary storage, separate from model/serde and raw validator heap.
+use super::*;
+use crate::language::{EditKind, EditValue};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(super) struct Slots {
+    pub entries: usize,
+    pub occurrences: usize,
+    pub text: usize,
+}
+impl Slots {
+    pub fn entries(entries: usize) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            entries,
+            ..Self::default()
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn text(text: usize) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            text,
+            ..Self::default()
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn add(self, other: Self, at: Span) -> Result<Self, super::super::super::Error> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            entries: add(self.entries, other.entries, at)?,
+            occurrences: add(self.occurrences, other.occurrences, at)?,
+            text: add(self.text, other.text, at)?,
+        })
+    }
+}
+pub(super) fn add(a: usize, b: usize, at: Span) -> Result<usize, super::super::super::Error> {
+    a.checked_add(b)
+        .ok_or_else(|| error(at, "Mixed auxiliary storage size overflow."))
+}
+pub(super) fn mul(a: usize, b: usize, at: Span) -> Result<usize, super::super::super::Error> {
+    a.checked_mul(b)
+        .ok_or_else(|| error(at, "Mixed auxiliary storage size overflow."))
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub(super) struct Ledger {
+    pub live: Slots,
+}
+impl Ledger {
+    pub fn reserve(&mut self, budget: &Budget, slots: Slots, at: Span) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        let next = self.live.add(slots, at)?;
+        budget.lowering_entries(next.entries, at)?;
+        budget.lowering_occurrences(next.occurrences, at)?;
+        budget.index_bytes(next.text, at)?;
+        self.live = next;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    pub fn release(&mut self, slots: Slots) {
+        self.live.entries = self
+            .live
+            .entries
+            .checked_sub(slots.entries)
+            .expect("entry reservation");
+        self.live.occurrences = self
+            .live
+            .occurrences
+            .checked_sub(slots.occurrences)
+            .expect("occurrence reservation");
+        self.live.text = self
+            .live
+            .text
+            .checked_sub(slots.text)
+            .expect("text reservation");
+    }
+}
+
+/// Exact output-site counts and conservative whole-lowering temporary bound.
+/// N expression nodes: at most 2N Visit/Build slots, N borrowed child slots,
+/// N value/split slots. A arguments: A signature slots plus A seen-set slots.
+/// `Resolver::call` borrows the callee signature. Its parameter Vec/seen set
+/// contain only supplied arguments, including on incomplete/invalid calls;
+/// no allocation is proportional to the full signature during body lowering.
+/// The model expressions/maps themselves are outside this auxiliary ledger.
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(super) struct LowerStorage {
+    pub nodes: usize,
+    pub occurrences: usize,
+    pub arguments: usize,
+}
+impl LowerStorage {
+    pub fn all(&self) -> Result<Slots, TypedError> {
+        let at = Span::default();
+        Ok(Slots {
+            entries: add(mul(self.nodes, 5, at)?, mul(self.arguments, 2, at)?, at)?,
+            occurrences: self.occurrences,
+            text: 0,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+enum Item<'a> {
+    Ast(&'a Ast),
+    Edit(&'a EditValue),
+    Expr(&'a Expression),
+}
+struct Walk<'a, 'b> {
+    ledger: &'b mut Ledger,
+    budget: &'b Budget,
+    work: Vec<Item<'a>>,
+    lower: LowerStorage,
+}
+impl<'a> Walk<'a, '_> {
+    fn text(&mut self, text: &str, at: Span) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        self.ledger
+            .reserve(self.budget, Slots::text(text.len()), at)
+    }
+    fn push(&mut self, item: Item<'a>) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        self.ledger
+            .reserve(self.budget, Slots::entries(1), Span::default())?;
+        self.work.push(item);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    fn reference(&mut self, r: &Reference) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        self.text(&r.name, r.span)?;
+        self.lower.occurrences = add(self.lower.occurrences, 1, r.span)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    fn optional(&mut self, field: &Option<d::Field<Option<Reference>>>) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        if let Some(r) = field.as_ref().and_then(|f| f.value.as_ref()) {
+            self.reference(r)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    fn ty(&mut self, ty: &d::TypeSyntax) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        if let d::ScalarKind::Quantity(r) = &ty.scalar.kind {
+            self.reference(r)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    fn binding(&mut self, binding: &'a Binding) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        if let Binding::Expression(e) = binding {
+            self.push(Item::Expr(e))?;
+        }
+        self.drain()
+    }
+    fn drain(&mut self) -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+        while let Some(item) = self.work.pop() {
+            self.ledger.release(Slots::entries(1));
+            match item {
+                Item::Ast(ast) => match ast {
+                    Ast::Literal(serde_json::Value::String(s), _)
+                    | Ast::Word(s, _)
+                    | Ast::Reference(s, _) => self.text(s, Span::default())?,
+                    Ast::Array(items, _) => {
+                        for child in items {
+                            self.push(Item::Ast(child))?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Ast::Object(fields, _) => {
+                        for (key, child) in fields {
+                            self.text(key, Span::default())?;
+                            self.push(Item::Ast(child))?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                },
+                Item::Edit(value) => match &value.kind {
+                    EditKind::Reference(s) => self.text(s, value.span)?,
+                    EditKind::Record(fields) => {
+                        for (key, field) in fields {
+                            self.text(key, field.span)?;
+                            self.push(Item::Edit(&field.value))?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    EditKind::List(items) => {
+                        for child in items {
+                            self.push(Item::Edit(child))?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                },
+                Item::Expr(e) => {
+                    self.lower.nodes = add(self.lower.nodes, 1, e.span)?;
+                    use ExpressionKind as E;
+                    match &e.kind {
+                        E::Quantity { unit, .. } | E::Property(unit) | E::Parameter(unit) => {
+                            self.reference(unit)?
+                        }
+                        E::List(items) => {
+                            for child in items {
+                                self.push(Item::Expr(child))?;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        E::Unary { operand, .. } => self.push(Item::Expr(operand))?,
+                        E::Binary { left, right, .. } => {
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(left))?;
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(right))?;
+                        }
+                        E::If {
+                            condition,
+                            when_true,
+                            when_false,
+                        } => {
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(condition))?;
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(when_true))?;
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(when_false))?;
+                        }
+                        E::Call {
+                            definition,
+                            arguments,
+                        } => {
+                            self.reference(definition)?;
+                            self.lower.arguments =
+                                add(self.lower.arguments, arguments.len(), e.span)?;
+                            for argument in arguments {
+                                self.reference(&argument.parameter)?;
+                                self.push(Item::Expr(&argument.value))?;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        E::Sum { values, initial } => {
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(values))?;
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(initial))?;
+                        }
+                        E::Power { base, .. } => self.push(Item::Expr(base))?,
+                        E::AsKind { kind, value } => {
+                            self.reference(kind)?;
+                            self.push(Item::Expr(value))?;
+                        }
+                        E::Boolean(_) | E::Number(_) => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) fn syntax(
+    syntax: &ParsedMixedSyntax<'_>,
+    ledger: &mut Ledger,
+) -> Result<LowerStorage, Failure> {
+    let at = Span::default();
+    ledger
+        .reserve(
+            &syntax.budget,
+            Slots::entries(
+                add(syntax.metadata, syntax.budget.usage.entries, at)
+                    .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, None, e))?,
+            ),
+            at,
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, None, e))?;
+    let mut walk = Walk {
+        ledger,
+        budget: &syntax.budget,
+        work: Vec::new(),
+        lower: LowerStorage::default(),
+    };
+    for (file, unit) in syntax.files.iter().enumerate() {
+        let mut count = || -> Result<(), TypedError> {
+            if let Some(header) = &unit.ordinary.header {
+                for s in [
+                    &header.project.alias,
+                    &header.project.name,
+                    &header.project.description,
+                ] {
+                    walk.text(s, header.span)?;
+                }
+            }
+            for (path, span) in &unit.ordinary.includes {
+                walk.text(path, *span)?;
+            }
+            for declaration in &unit.ordinary.declarations {
+                walk.text(&declaration.alias, declaration.span)?;
+                walk.text(&declaration.name, declaration.span)?;
+                for key in declaration.field_spans.keys() {
+                    walk.text(key, declaration.span)?;
+                }
+                for (key, value) in &declaration.fields {
+                    walk.text(key, declaration.span)?;
+                    walk.push(Item::Ast(value))?;
+                    walk.drain()?;
+                }
+            }
+            for (_, position) in &unit.positions {
+                walk.push(Item::Edit(&position.fields))?;
+                walk.drain()?;
+            }
+            for declaration in &unit.typed {
+                walk.text(
+                    &declaration.header.alias.name,
+                    declaration.header.alias.span,
+                )?;
+                walk.text(&declaration.header.name, declaration.header.name_span)?;
+                if let Some(f) = &declaration.description {
+                    walk.text(&f.value, f.span)?;
+                }
+                match &declaration.body {
+                    d::Body::QuantityKind { algebra, .. } => {
+                        if let d::AlgebraSyntax::Affine(r) = &algebra.value {
+                            walk.reference(r)?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    d::Body::Unit { kind, symbol, .. } => {
+                        walk.reference(&kind.value)?;
+                        walk.text(&symbol.value, symbol.span)?;
+                    }
+                    d::Body::Calculation {
+                        parameters,
+                        result,
+                        body,
+                    } => {
+                        for p in parameters {
+                            walk.reference(&p.name)?;
+                            walk.ty(&p.value_type)?;
+                        }
+                        walk.ty(&result.value)?;
+                        walk.binding(&body.value)?;
+                    }
+                    d::Body::Property {
+                        subject,
+                        value_type,
+                        base,
+                        display_unit,
+                    } => {
+                        walk.reference(&subject.value)?;
+                        walk.ty(&value_type.value)?;
+                        walk.binding(&base.value)?;
+                        walk.optional(display_unit)?;
+                    }
+                    d::Body::Check {
+                        subject,
+                        documented_constraint,
+                        predicate,
+                    } => {
+                        walk.optional(subject)?;
+                        walk.optional(documented_constraint)?;
+                        walk.binding(&predicate.value)?;
+                    }
+                    d::Body::Case {
+                        subject, overrides, ..
+                    } => {
+                        walk.optional(subject)?;
+                        for entry in &overrides.value {
+                            walk.reference(&entry.target)?;
+                            walk.binding(&entry.binding)?;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        };
+        count().map_err(|e| Failure::typed(syntax, Some(file), e))?;
+    }
+    Ok(walk.lower)
+}

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/syntax.rs

@@ -349,6 +349,11 @@ impl Cursor<'_, '_> {
             _ => 0,
         };
         if child_depth >= crate::analysis::MAX_EXPRESSION_DEPTH {
+            // The rejected parent still owns accepted, potentially depth-128
+            // children. Recursive derived cleanup here runs beneath the parser
+            // frames and can exhaust the bounded native stack before returning
+            // the depth error. Consume those children with an explicit worklist.
+            drop_rejected_kind(kind);
             return Err(error(span, "Expression logical depth exceeds 128."));
         }
         Ok(Expression {
@@ -399,6 +404,42 @@ impl Cursor<'_, '_> {
         self.node(kind, span)
     }
 }
+fn drop_rejected_kind(kind: ExpressionKind) {
+    let mut pending = vec![kind];
+    while let Some(kind) = pending.pop() {
+        match kind {
+            ExpressionKind::Unary { operand, .. } => pending.push(operand.kind),
+            ExpressionKind::Binary { left, right, .. } => {
+                pending.push(left.kind);
+                pending.push(right.kind);
+            }
+            ExpressionKind::If {
+                condition,
+                when_true,
+                when_false,
+            } => {
+                pending.push(condition.kind);
+                pending.push(when_true.kind);
+                pending.push(when_false.kind);
+            }
+            ExpressionKind::List(values) => pending.extend(values.into_iter().map(|v| v.kind)),
+            ExpressionKind::Call { arguments, .. } => {
+                pending.extend(arguments.into_iter().map(|a| a.value.kind));
+            }
+            ExpressionKind::Sum { values, initial } => {
+                pending.push(values.kind);
+                pending.push(initial.kind);
+            }
+            ExpressionKind::Power { base, .. } => pending.push(base.kind),
+            ExpressionKind::AsKind { value, .. } => pending.push(value.kind),
+            ExpressionKind::Boolean(_)
+            | ExpressionKind::Number(_)
+            | ExpressionKind::Quantity { .. }
+            | ExpressionKind::Property(_)
+            | ExpressionKind::Parameter(_) => {}
+        }
+    }
+}
 fn comparison(op: BinaryOp) -> bool {
     matches!(
         op,

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/tests.rs

@@ -108,6 +108,49 @@ fn flat_binary_depth_and_malformed_constructor_retain_bounded_completed_children
     assert_eq!(number(&expression("1")), "1");
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn every_parent_shape_rejects_depth129_and_cleans_children_on_128k_stack() {
+    std::thread::Builder::new()
+        .name("analysis-syntax-rejection-128k".into())
+        .stack_size(128 * 1024)
+        .spawn(|| {
+            // Rotate through every recursive syntax shape, so the rejected
+            // parent's complete child tree also exercises every cleanup arm.
+            let wrap = |shape, child: &str| match shape {
+                0 => format!("abs({child})"),
+                1 => format!("({child}) + 1"),
+                2 => format!("if(true, {child}, 0)"),
+                3 => format!("[{child}]"),
+                4 => format!("@f(a: {child})"),
+                5 => format!("sum({child}, 0)"),
+                6 => format!("power({child}, 1)"),
+                7 => format!("as_kind(@k, {child})"),
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+            let mut deep = "1".to_owned();
+            for layer in 0..127 {
+                deep = wrap(layer % 8, &deep);
+            }
+            assert_eq!(expression(&deep).depth, 128);
+            for shape in 0..8 {
+                let source = wrap(shape, &deep);
+                let failure = parse(&source, &mut budget()).unwrap_err();
+                assert_eq!(failure.message, "Expression logical depth exceeds 128.");
+                assert_eq!(
+                    failure.span,
+                    Span {
+                        start: 0,
+                        end: source.len()
+                    }
+                );
+                assert_eq!(number(&expression("1")), "1");
+            }
+        })
+        .unwrap()
+        .join()
+        .unwrap();
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn significant_ratio_and_quantity_trivia_preserve_original_spans() {
     let source = "ratio // explanation café\n ( - // sign\n 3, // denominator\n 4 ) // measurement\n [@millisecond]";

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/update.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+//! Simultaneous typed token edits. This is a staged plan, not source acceptance:
+//! the bundle owner must merge ordinary edits, reparse/recompile the exact bytes,
+//! admit once and compare the complete intended Project before installation.
+use super::index::{Index, Location, OccurrenceKey, checked_source};
+use super::lower::Target;
+use super::{Budget, Error, Span, error};
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct Edit {
+    key: OccurrenceKey,
+    location: Location,
+}
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(super) struct Plan<'i, 's> {
+    index: &'i Index<'s>,
+    names: BTreeMap<Target, String>,
+    edits: Vec<Edit>,
+}
+impl<'i, 's> Plan<'i, 's> {
+    /// All names are the desired final names. Validate the final namespaces,
+    /// rather than applying one rename at a time: alias/parameter swaps are legal.
+    pub fn renames(
+        index: &'i Index<'s>,
+        renames: &BTreeMap<Target, String>,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        let plan = Self::prepare(index, renames, budget)?;
+        plan.validate(index.sources(), budget)?;
+        plan.output_lengths(index.sources(), budget)?;
+        Ok(plan)
+    }
+
+    fn validate_names(
+        index: &Index<'_>,
+        renames: &BTreeMap<Target, String>,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        budget.active()?;
+        budget.lowering_entries(renames.len(), Span::default())?;
+        let mut bytes = 0usize;
+        for (target, name) in renames {
+            if !index.names().contains_key(target) {
+                return Err(error(
+                    Span::default(),
+                    "Rename has no qualified source target.",
+                ));
+            }
+            if !crate::valid_alias(name) {
+                return Err(error(
+                    Span::default(),
+                    "Invalid alias or scoped parameter name.",
+                ));
+            }
+            bytes = bytes
+                .checked_add(name.len())
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(Span::default(), "Rename size overflow."))?;
+            budget.index_bytes(bytes, Span::default())?;
+        }
+        let mut final_names = BTreeSet::new();
+        for (target, original) in index.names() {
+            let name = renames.get(target).unwrap_or(original);
+            let scope = match target {
+                Target::Global(_) => None,
+                Target::Parameter { calculation, .. } => Some(*calculation),
+            };
+            budget.lowering_entries(final_names.len() + 1, Span::default())?;
+            if !final_names.insert((scope, name.as_str())) {
+                return Err(error(
+                    Span::default(),
+                    "Rename creates a duplicate name in its namespace.",
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn prepare(
+        index: &'i Index<'s>,
+        renames: &BTreeMap<Target, String>,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        // Validate record/name storage before copying any owned final names.
+        Self::validate_names(index, renames, budget)?;
+        let mut edits = Vec::new();
+        for (key, location) in index.occurrences() {
+            if renames
+                .get(&key.target)
+                .is_some_and(|name| index.names().get(&key.target) != Some(name))
+            {
+                budget.lowering_occurrences(edits.len() + 1, location.span)?;
+                edits.push(Edit {
+                    key: key.clone(),
+                    location: *location,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        edits.sort_by_key(|edit| {
+            (
+                edit.location.file,
+                edit.location.span.start,
+                edit.location.span.end,
+            )
+        });
+        Ok(Self {
+            index,
+            names: renames.clone(),
+            edits,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn edit_count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.edits.len()
+    }
+
+    /// Recheck the complete original witness and complete rename intent.
+    /// A changed unrelated file is stale too. This does not construct output.
+    fn validate(&self, current: &BTreeMap<usize, String>, budget: &Budget) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        budget.active()?;
+        if current != self.index.sources() {
+            return Err(error(
+                Span::default(),
+                "Source index is stale: original file set or bytes changed.",
+            ));
+        }
+        budget.lowering_entries(current.len(), Span::default())?;
+        budget.lowering_occurrences(self.edits.len(), Span::default())?;
+        let mut previous: Option<Location> = None;
+        let mut seen = BTreeSet::new();
+        for edit in &self.edits {
+            let at = edit.location;
+            if self.index.occurrences().get(&edit.key) != Some(&at) || !seen.insert(&edit.key) {
+                return Err(error(at.span, "Forged or duplicate edit occurrence."));
+            }
+            let old = checked_source(current, at)?;
+            if self
+                .index
+                .names()
+                .get(&edit.key.target)
+                .is_none_or(|name| name != old)
+            {
+                return Err(error(at.span, "Stale original token spelling."));
+            }
+            self.names
+                .get(&edit.key.target)
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(at.span, "Edit has no final target name."))?;
+            if previous.is_some_and(|prior| {
+                prior.file > at.file || (prior.file == at.file && prior.span.end > at.span.start)
+            }) {
+                return Err(error(at.span, "Overlapping or unordered source edits."));
+            }
+            previous = Some(at);
+        }
+        for (key, at) in self.index.occurrences() {
+            let required = self
+                .names
+                .get(&key.target)
+                .is_some_and(|name| self.index.names().get(&key.target) != Some(name));
+            if required != seen.contains(key) {
+                return Err(error(
+                    at.span,
+                    "Edit set differs from the complete qualified rename plan.",
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Standalone output preflight, after ownership validation. Composition
+    /// defers this hypothetical typed-only size to its future combined emitter.
+    fn output_lengths(
+        &self,
+        current: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<BTreeMap<usize, usize>, Error> {
+        let mut lengths: BTreeMap<_, _> = current
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(&file, source)| (file, source.len()))
+            .collect();
+        for edit in &self.edits {
+            let at = edit.location;
+            let length = lengths.get_mut(&at.file).expect("validated edit file");
+            *length = length
+                .checked_sub(at.span.end - at.span.start)
+                .and_then(|size| size.checked_add(self.names[&edit.key.target].len()))
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(at.span, "Updated source size overflow."))?;
+        }
+        let mut total = 0usize;
+        for length in lengths.values() {
+            total = total
+                .checked_add(*length)
+                .ok_or_else(|| error(Span::default(), "Updated bundle size overflow."))?;
+            budget.index_bytes(total, Span::default())?;
+        }
+        Ok(lengths)
+    }
+
+    pub fn apply(
+        &self,
+        current: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+        budget: &Budget,
+    ) -> Result<BTreeMap<usize, String>, Error> {
+        self.validate(current, budget)?;
+        let lengths = self.output_lengths(current, budget)?;
+        let mut result = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut edits = self.edits.iter().peekable();
+        for (&file, source) in current {
+            let mut output = String::with_capacity(lengths[&file]);
+            let mut start = 0;
+            while edits.peek().is_some_and(|edit| edit.location.file == file) {
+                let edit = edits.next().expect("peeked edit");
+                output.push_str(&source[start..edit.location.span.start]);
+                output.push_str(&self.names[&edit.key.target]);
+                start = edit.location.span.end;
+            }
+            output.push_str(&source[start..]);
+            result.insert(file, output);
+        }
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Private typed-only composition planning. The caller must supply its inherited
+/// parse Budget; this type keeps that same immutable budget through export.
+/// It does not establish the future complete bundle/file-table/parse-session
+/// witness. In particular, an Index currently does not store its parse profile.
+pub(super) struct Composition<'b, 'i, 's> {
+    plan: Plan<'i, 's>,
+    budget: &'b Budget,
+}
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Composition<'_, '_, '_> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("Composition")
+            .field("plan", &self.plan)
+            .finish_non_exhaustive()
+    }
+}
+impl<'b, 'i, 's> Composition<'b, 'i, 's> {
+    pub fn renames(
+        index: &'i Index<'s>,
+        renames: &BTreeMap<Target, String>,
+        inherited: &'b Budget,
+    ) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        let plan = Plan::prepare(index, renames, inherited)?;
+        plan.validate(index.sources(), inherited)?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            plan,
+            budget: inherited,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Export the entire validated plan against exact original numeric file keys
+    /// and bytes. There is no output allocation, application or subset-accept API.
+    /// A future collector must check this actual index witness and the complete
+    /// combined output bounds before applying either producer's edits once.
+    pub fn original_edits(
+        &self,
+        current: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+    ) -> Result<OriginalEdits<'_, 'i, 's>, Error> {
+        Plan::validate_names(self.plan.index, &self.plan.names, self.budget)?;
+        self.plan.validate(current, self.budget)?;
+        Ok(OriginalEdits { plan: &self.plan })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(super) struct OriginalEdits<'p, 'i, 's> {
+    plan: &'p Plan<'i, 's>,
+}
+impl<'s> OriginalEdits<'_, '_, 's> {
+    pub fn index(&self) -> &Index<'s> {
+        self.plan.index
+    }
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.plan.edits.len()
+    }
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.plan.edits.is_empty()
+    }
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl ExactSizeIterator<Item = OriginalEdit<'_>> {
+        self.plan.edits.iter().map(|edit| OriginalEdit {
+            key: &edit.key,
+            location: edit.location,
+            original: &self.plan.index.sources()[&edit.location.file]
+                [edit.location.span.start..edit.location.span.end],
+            replacement: &self.plan.names[&edit.key.target],
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// A borrowed inspection record, never independent edit authority. Only an
+/// intact OriginalEdits batch can carry this producer's complete rename intent.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(super) struct OriginalEdit<'p> {
+    key: &'p OccurrenceKey,
+    location: Location,
+    original: &'p str,
+    replacement: &'p str,
+}
+impl OriginalEdit<'_> {
+    pub fn key(&self) -> &OccurrenceKey {
+        self.key
+    }
+    pub fn location(&self) -> Location {
+        self.location
+    }
+    pub fn original(&self) -> &str {
+        self.original
+    }
+    pub fn replacement(&self) -> &str {
+        self.replacement
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;

crates/oa-core/src/language/analysis_source/update/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,744 @@
+use super::super::budget::Limits;
+use super::*;
+use crate::analysis as a;
+use crate::analysis_numeric::Exact;
+use crate::language::ParseLimits;
+use crate::{Id, Layer, Project};
+
+const DEFINITIONS: &str = "// 雪 @f(a:) $a: comment spellings stay exact\r\n\
+calculation f \"f a b\" id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000100\" {\r\n\
+ input a id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000200\" : Number;\r\n\
+ input b id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000201\" : Number;\r\n\
+ result Number; body $a + $b;\r\n}\r\n\
+calculation g \"g a b\" id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000200\" {\r\n\
+ input a id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000200\" : Number;\r\n\
+ input b id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000201\" : Number;\r\n\
+ result Number; body $a + $b;\r\n}\r\n";
+const CALLER: &str = "calculation caller \"Caller\" id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000300\" {\n\
+ result Number; body @f(b: 2, a: 1) // first 雪 @f(a:)\n\
+ + @f(a: 3, b: 4) // second\n\
+ + @g(a: 5, b: 6);\n}\n";
+fn budget() -> Budget {
+    Budget::new(Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED)).unwrap()
+}
+fn global(id: u128) -> Target {
+    Target::Global(Id::from_u128(id))
+}
+fn parameter(calculation: u128, parameter: u128) -> Target {
+    Target::Parameter {
+        calculation: Id::from_u128(calculation),
+        parameter: a::ParameterId(Id::from_u128(parameter)),
+    }
+}
+fn sources() -> BTreeMap<usize, String> {
+    BTreeMap::from([(11, DEFINITIONS.into()), (23, CALLER.into())])
+}
+fn skeleton() -> Project {
+    let mut project = super::super::model_oracle::project(Layer::Oa);
+    project.definitions.clear();
+    project
+        .elements
+        .retain(|_, element| !element.kind().is_analysis());
+    project
+}
+fn binary(left: a::Expr, right: a::Expr) -> a::Expr {
+    a::Expr::Binary {
+        op: a::BinaryOp::Add,
+        left: Box::new(left),
+        right: Box::new(right),
+    }
+}
+fn expected(renamed: bool) -> Project {
+    // Independent model construction: no parsed AST, source index, writer or
+    // generated edit participates in this expected complete Project.
+    let mut project = skeleton();
+    let p = |id| a::ParameterId(Id::from_u128(id));
+    for (id, alias, name) in [
+        (0x100, if renamed { "g" } else { "f" }, "f a b"),
+        (0x200, if renamed { "f" } else { "g" }, "g a b"),
+    ] {
+        let names = if renamed && id == 0x100 {
+            ["b", "a"]
+        } else {
+            ["a", "b"]
+        };
+        let body = a::CalculationDefinition {
+            parameters: [(0x200, names[0]), (0x201, names[1])]
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(id, name)| a::Parameter {
+                    id: p(id),
+                    name: name.into(),
+                    value_type: a::AnalysisType::Scalar(a::ScalarType::Number),
+                })
+                .collect(),
+            result: a::AnalysisType::Scalar(a::ScalarType::Number),
+            body: a::Binding::Expression(binary(
+                a::Expr::Parameter(p(0x200)),
+                a::Expr::Parameter(p(0x201)),
+            )),
+        };
+        let id = Id::from_u128(id);
+        project.definitions.insert(
+            id,
+            a::Definition {
+                id,
+                alias: alias.into(),
+                name: name.into(),
+                description: String::new(),
+                body: a::DefinitionBody::Calculation(body),
+            },
+        );
+    }
+    let call = |id, x, y| a::Expr::Call {
+        definition: a::DefinitionRef::Local(Id::from_u128(id)),
+        arguments: BTreeMap::from([
+            (p(0x200), a::Expr::Number(Exact::from_integer(x))),
+            (p(0x201), a::Expr::Number(Exact::from_integer(y))),
+        ]),
+    };
+    let id = Id::from_u128(0x300);
+    project.definitions.insert(
+        id,
+        a::Definition {
+            id,
+            alias: "caller".into(),
+            name: "Caller".into(),
+            description: String::new(),
+            body: a::DefinitionBody::Calculation(a::CalculationDefinition {
+                parameters: Vec::new(),
+                result: a::AnalysisType::Scalar(a::ScalarType::Number),
+                body: a::Binding::Expression(binary(
+                    binary(call(0x100, 1, 2), call(0x100, 3, 4)),
+                    call(0x200, 5, 6),
+                )),
+            }),
+        },
+    );
+    project
+}
+fn merge(mut project: Project, lowered: super::super::lower::Lowered) -> Project {
+    project.definitions.extend(lowered.definitions);
+    project.elements.extend(lowered.elements);
+    project
+}
+fn rename_map() -> BTreeMap<Target, String> {
+    BTreeMap::from([
+        (global(0x100), "g".into()),
+        (global(0x200), "f".into()),
+        (parameter(0x100, 0x200), "b".into()),
+        (parameter(0x100, 0x201), "a".into()),
+    ])
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn simultaneous_global_and_scoped_swaps_match_original_token_and_whole_model_oracles() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let mut work = budget();
+    let (index, lowered) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(merge(skeleton(), lowered), expected(false));
+    let plan = Plan::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap();
+    // List expected edits against the original authored bytes independently of
+    // the index. Full contexts deliberately exclude equal strings/comments.
+    let mut edits = Vec::new();
+    let mut add = |file, context: &str, token: &str, replacement: &str| {
+        let source = &sources[&file];
+        let context_start = source.find(context).unwrap();
+        let start = context_start + context.find(token).unwrap();
+        edits.push((file, start, start + token.len(), replacement.to_owned()));
+    };
+    add(11, "calculation f ", "f", "g");
+    add(11, "calculation g ", "g", "f");
+    add(11, "input a id", "a", "b");
+    add(11, "input b id", "b", "a");
+    add(11, "body $a + $b;", "a", "b");
+    add(11, "body $a + $b;", "b;", "a;");
+    // The last oracle edit above includes ';' to disambiguate 'b' in 'body';
+    // restrict it back to the exact name token for the span oracle.
+    edits.last_mut().unwrap().2 -= 1;
+    edits.last_mut().unwrap().3.pop();
+    for call in ["@f(b: 2, a: 1)", "@f(a: 3, b: 4)"] {
+        add_call_edits(&sources, &mut edits, call);
+    }
+    let start = CALLER.find("@g(a: 5, b: 6)").unwrap() + 1;
+    edits.push((23, start, start + 1, "f".into()));
+    edits.sort_by_key(|edit| (edit.0, edit.1));
+    assert_eq!(plan.edit_count(), 13);
+    assert_eq!(
+        plan.edits
+            .iter()
+            .map(|edit| (
+                edit.location.file,
+                edit.location.span.start,
+                edit.location.span.end,
+                plan.names[&edit.key.target].clone()
+            ))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        edits
+    );
+    let mut exact = BTreeMap::new();
+    for (&file, source) in &sources {
+        let mut output = source.clone();
+        for (_, start, end, value) in edits.iter().filter(|edit| edit.0 == file).rev() {
+            output.replace_range(*start..*end, value);
+        }
+        exact.insert(file, output);
+    }
+    let output = plan.apply(&sources, &work).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(output, exact);
+    assert!(output[&11].contains("// 雪 @f(a:) $a: comment spellings stay exact\r\n"));
+    assert!(output[&23].contains("// first 雪 @f(a:)\n"));
+    assert!(output[&11].contains("\"f a b\""));
+    let (_, lowered) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &output, &mut budget()).unwrap();
+    let actual = merge(skeleton(), lowered);
+    assert_eq!(actual, expected(true));
+    a::admit(&actual, a::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE).unwrap();
+}
+fn add_call_edits(
+    sources: &BTreeMap<usize, String>,
+    edits: &mut Vec<(usize, usize, usize, String)>,
+    call: &str,
+) {
+    let start = sources[&23].find(call).unwrap();
+    for (offset, replacement) in [
+        (1, "g"),
+        (call.find("a:").unwrap(), "b"),
+        (call.find("b:").unwrap(), "a"),
+    ] {
+        edits.push((23, start + offset, start + offset + 1, replacement.into()));
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn alias_edits_preserve_unit_type_override_tokens_and_unrelated_authored_bytes() {
+    let source = include_str!("../lower/fixtures/typed-oa.arcadia")
+        .replace("750 [@millisecond]", "750 // exact 雪\r\n [@millisecond]");
+    let files = BTreeMap::from([(59, source.clone())]);
+    let mut work = budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &files, &mut work).unwrap();
+    let mut expected_project = super::super::model_oracle::project(Layer::Oa);
+    let id = |name: &str| {
+        index
+            .names()
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(target, alias)| matches!(target, Target::Global(_)) && alias.as_str() == name)
+            .map(|(target, _)| *target)
+            .unwrap()
+    };
+    let renames = BTreeMap::from([
+        (id("duration"), "time_kind".into()),
+        (id("millisecond"), "ms_unit".into()),
+        (id("receive_time"), "arrival".into()),
+    ]);
+    let plan = Plan::renames(&index, &renames, &work).unwrap();
+    let output = plan.apply(&files, &work).unwrap();
+    let expected_source = source
+        .replace("quantity_kind duration ", "quantity_kind time_kind ")
+        .replace("@duration", "@time_kind")
+        .replace("unit millisecond ", "unit ms_unit ")
+        .replace("@millisecond", "@ms_unit")
+        .replace("oa_property receive_time ", "oa_property arrival ")
+        .replace("@receive_time", "@arrival");
+    assert_eq!(output[&59], expected_source);
+    for definition in expected_project.definitions.values_mut() {
+        if let Some(name) = renames.get(&Target::Global(definition.id)) {
+            definition.alias = name.clone();
+        }
+    }
+    for element in expected_project.elements.values_mut() {
+        if let Some(name) = renames.get(&Target::Global(element.id)) {
+            element.alias = name.clone();
+        }
+    }
+    let (_, lowered) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &output, &mut budget()).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(merge(skeleton(), lowered), expected_project);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn rename_rejects_unknown_invalid_and_colliding_final_names_but_allows_noop() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let work = &mut budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, work).unwrap();
+    for renames in [
+        BTreeMap::from([(global(999), "new".into())]),
+        BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "bad name".into())]),
+        BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "g".into())]),
+        BTreeMap::from([(parameter(0x100, 0x200), "b".into())]),
+    ] {
+        assert!(Plan::renames(&index, &renames, work).is_err());
+    }
+    let plan = Plan::renames(&index, &BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "f".into())]), work).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(plan.edit_count(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(plan.apply(&sources, work).unwrap(), sources);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn stale_file_sets_bytes_forged_spans_and_duplicate_edits_fail_before_output() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let mut work = budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    for damage in 0..6 {
+        let mut current = sources.clone();
+        let mut plan = Plan::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap();
+        match damage {
+            0 => current
+                .get_mut(&23)
+                .unwrap()
+                .push_str("// unrelated change"),
+            1 => {
+                current.remove(&23);
+            }
+            2 => {
+                current.insert(99, String::new());
+            }
+            3 => plan.edits[0].location.span.start += 1,
+            4 => plan.edits.insert(1, plan.edits[0].clone()),
+            _ => {
+                plan.edits.pop();
+            }
+        }
+        assert!(plan.apply(&current, &work).is_err(), "damage {damage}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn output_and_plan_limits_are_aggregate_and_do_not_reset_parse_work() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let mut work = budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    let usage = work.usage;
+    let numeric = work.numeric_units();
+    let plan = Plan::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap();
+    let output = plan.apply(&sources, &work).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(work.usage, usage);
+    assert_eq!(work.numeric_units(), numeric);
+    let bytes = output.values().map(String::len).sum();
+    let mut limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.bytes = bytes;
+    assert!(plan.apply(&sources, &Budget::new(limits).unwrap()).is_ok());
+    limits.bytes -= 1;
+    assert!(plan.apply(&sources, &Budget::new(limits).unwrap()).is_err());
+    limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.references = 0;
+    limits.entries = 0;
+    assert!(Plan::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &Budget::new(limits).unwrap()).is_err());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn composition_exports_complete_borrowed_swap_witnesses_and_empty_noops() {
+    use super::super::index::TokenRole;
+    use super::super::lower::{Child, Field, Role};
+    type Key = (Id, Option<Field>, Option<Vec<Child>>, TokenRole, Target);
+    type Row = (Location, String, String, Key);
+
+    let sources = sources();
+    let mut work = budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    let usage = work.usage;
+    let numeric = work.numeric_units();
+    let composition = Composition::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap();
+    assert!(std::ptr::eq(composition.budget, &work));
+    // A byte-identical snapshot is valid; records still borrow the actual index.
+    let batch = composition.original_edits(&sources.clone()).unwrap();
+    assert!(std::ptr::eq(batch.index(), &index));
+    assert_eq!(batch.len(), 13);
+    assert!(!batch.is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(batch.iter().len(), 13);
+
+    // Independently authored occurrence identities and full source contexts.
+    // No index offset/path or generated output defines this oracle.
+    let mut expected: Vec<Row> = Vec::new();
+    let mut add = |file, context: &str, prefix: &str, old: &str, new: &str, key: Key| {
+        let start = sources[&file].find(context).unwrap() + prefix.len();
+        assert_eq!(&sources[&file][start..start + old.len()], old);
+        expected.push((
+            Location {
+                file,
+                span: Span {
+                    start,
+                    end: start + old.len(),
+                },
+            },
+            old.into(),
+            new.into(),
+            key,
+        ));
+    };
+    for (id, old, new, context) in [
+        (0x100, "f", "g", "calculation f "),
+        (0x200, "g", "f", "calculation g "),
+    ] {
+        add(
+            11,
+            context,
+            "calculation ",
+            old,
+            new,
+            (
+                Id::from_u128(id),
+                None,
+                None,
+                TokenRole::Declaration,
+                global(id),
+            ),
+        );
+    }
+    for (id, old, new, context, edge, prefix) in [
+        (0x200, "a", "b", "input a id", Child::Left, "body $"),
+        (0x201, "b", "a", "input b id", Child::Right, "body $a + $"),
+    ] {
+        let target = parameter(0x100, id);
+        add(
+            11,
+            context,
+            "input ",
+            old,
+            new,
+            (
+                Id::from_u128(0x100),
+                Some(Field::Input(a::ParameterId(Id::from_u128(id)))),
+                None,
+                TokenRole::Use(Role::ParameterDeclaration),
+                target,
+            ),
+        );
+        add(
+            11,
+            "body $a + $b;",
+            prefix,
+            old,
+            new,
+            (
+                Id::from_u128(0x100),
+                Some(Field::Body),
+                Some(vec![edge]),
+                TokenRole::Use(Role::ParameterUse),
+                target,
+            ),
+        );
+    }
+    for (context, path) in [
+        ("@f(b: 2, a: 1)", vec![Child::Left, Child::Left]),
+        ("@f(a: 3, b: 4)", vec![Child::Left, Child::Right]),
+    ] {
+        add(
+            23,
+            context,
+            "@",
+            "f",
+            "g",
+            (
+                Id::from_u128(0x300),
+                Some(Field::Body),
+                Some(path.clone()),
+                TokenRole::Use(Role::CallTarget),
+                global(0x100),
+            ),
+        );
+        for (id, old, new) in [(0x200, "a", "b"), (0x201, "b", "a")] {
+            let offset = context.find(&format!("{old}:")).unwrap();
+            add(
+                23,
+                context,
+                &context[..offset],
+                old,
+                new,
+                (
+                    Id::from_u128(0x300),
+                    Some(Field::Body),
+                    Some(path.clone()),
+                    TokenRole::Use(Role::ArgumentLabel),
+                    parameter(0x100, id),
+                ),
+            );
+        }
+    }
+    add(
+        23,
+        "@g(a: 5, b: 6)",
+        "@",
+        "g",
+        "f",
+        (
+            Id::from_u128(0x300),
+            Some(Field::Body),
+            Some(vec![Child::Right]),
+            TokenRole::Use(Role::CallTarget),
+            global(0x200),
+        ),
+    );
+    expected.sort_by_key(|row| (row.0.file, row.0.span.start, row.0.span.end));
+    let actual: Vec<Row> = batch
+        .iter()
+        .map(|edit| {
+            let key = edit.key();
+            (
+                edit.location(),
+                edit.original().into(),
+                edit.replacement().into(),
+                (
+                    key.owner,
+                    key.field,
+                    key.path.as_ref().map(|path| path.edges()),
+                    key.role,
+                    key.target,
+                ),
+            )
+        })
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(actual, expected);
+
+    let noop = Composition::renames(
+        &index,
+        &BTreeMap::from([
+            (global(0x100), "f".into()),
+            (parameter(0x200, 0x200), "a".into()),
+        ]),
+        &work,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    let empty = noop.original_edits(&sources).unwrap();
+    assert!(empty.is_empty());
+    assert_eq!(empty.len(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(empty.iter().count(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(work.usage, usage);
+    assert_eq!(work.numeric_units(), numeric);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn composition_rejects_stale_or_damaged_complete_batches_before_export() {
+    let mut sources = sources();
+    sources.insert(99, "// unrelated 雪\r\n".into());
+    let original = sources.clone();
+    let mut work = budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    for damage in 0..10 {
+        let mut current = sources.clone();
+        let mut composition = Composition::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap();
+        match damage {
+            0 => current.get_mut(&99).unwrap().push_str("changed"),
+            1 => {
+                current.remove(&23);
+            }
+            2 => {
+                current.insert(101, String::new());
+            }
+            3 => composition.plan.edits[0].location.span.start += 1,
+            4 => composition
+                .plan
+                .edits
+                .insert(1, composition.plan.edits[0].clone()),
+            5 => {
+                composition.plan.edits.pop();
+            }
+            6 => composition.plan.edits.swap(0, 1),
+            7 => {
+                composition
+                    .plan
+                    .names
+                    .insert(global(0x100), "bad name".into());
+            }
+            8 => {
+                composition.plan.names.insert(global(0x100), "f".into());
+            }
+            _ => {
+                composition.plan.names.insert(global(999), "missing".into());
+            }
+        }
+        let before = current.clone();
+        assert!(
+            composition.original_edits(&current).is_err(),
+            "damage {damage}"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(current, before);
+    }
+    assert_eq!(sources, original);
+    let failure = work.frame(257, Span::default()).unwrap_err();
+    assert_eq!(
+        Composition::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap_err(),
+        failure
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn composition_defers_only_typed_output_size_with_independent_shrink_arithmetic() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let cap = sources.values().map(String::len).sum();
+    let mut limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.bytes = cap;
+    let mut work = Budget::new(limits).unwrap();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(work.usage.bytes, cap);
+    let usage = work.usage;
+    let numeric = work.numeric_units();
+    let names = BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "ff".into())]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        Plan::renames(&index, &names, &work).unwrap_err().message,
+        "Source8 index/output byte limit exceeded."
+    );
+    let composition = Composition::renames(&index, &names, &work).unwrap();
+    let batch = composition.original_edits(&sources).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(batch.len(), 3); // declaration and two distinct call targets
+    let growth: usize = batch
+        .iter()
+        .map(|edit| edit.replacement().len() - edit.original().len())
+        .sum();
+    assert_eq!(growth, 3);
+    assert_eq!(
+        composition.plan.apply(&sources, &work).unwrap_err().message,
+        "Source8 index/output byte limit exceeded."
+    );
+
+    // Independent future ordinary/scalar producer witness on untouched display
+    // name bytes. This is size/offset arithmetic only: this typed-only harness
+    // has no ordinary collector, mixed ownership proof or accepted output.
+    let start = DEFINITIONS.find("\"f a b\"").unwrap() + 1;
+    let shrink = Location {
+        file: 11,
+        span: Span {
+            start,
+            end: start + "f a b".len(),
+        },
+    };
+    assert_eq!(
+        &sources[&shrink.file][shrink.span.start..shrink.span.end],
+        "f a b"
+    );
+    for edit in batch.iter() {
+        let at = edit.location();
+        assert!(
+            at.file != shrink.file
+                || at.span.end <= shrink.span.start
+                || shrink.span.end <= at.span.start
+        );
+    }
+    let original_len = shrink.span.end - shrink.span.start;
+    assert_eq!(cap + growth - original_len + "fa".len(), cap);
+    assert_eq!(cap + growth - original_len + "fab".len(), cap + 1);
+    assert_eq!(work.usage, usage);
+    assert_eq!(work.numeric_units(), numeric);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn composition_keeps_name_storage_and_rename_record_limits_before_allocation() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let cap = sources.values().map(String::len).sum();
+    let mut limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.bytes = cap;
+    let mut work = Budget::new(limits).unwrap();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    let exact = BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "x".repeat(cap))]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        Composition::renames(&index, &exact, &work)
+            .unwrap()
+            .original_edits(&sources)
+            .unwrap()
+            .len(),
+        3
+    );
+    let over = BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "x".repeat(cap + 1))]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        Composition::renames(&index, &over, &work)
+            .unwrap_err()
+            .message,
+        "Source8 index/output byte limit exceeded."
+    );
+    for invalid in [
+        BTreeMap::from([(global(999), "unknown".into())]),
+        BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "bad name".into())]),
+        BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "g".into())]),
+        BTreeMap::from([(parameter(0x100, 0x200), "b".into())]),
+    ] {
+        assert!(Composition::renames(&index, &invalid, &work).is_err());
+    }
+
+    // A typed-empty fixture isolates the rename-map record bound without
+    // syntax entry usage masking it. No ordinary edits are authorized here.
+    let ordinary = skeleton();
+    let count = ordinary.identities().len();
+    let files = BTreeMap::from([(1, "// empty typed unit\n".into())]);
+    let mut limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.entries = count;
+    limits.references = 0;
+    let mut inherited = Budget::new(limits).unwrap();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&ordinary, &files, &mut inherited).unwrap();
+    let mut names: BTreeMap<_, _> = index
+        .names()
+        .keys()
+        .enumerate()
+        .map(|(i, target)| (*target, format!("renamed_{i}")))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(names.len(), count);
+    assert!(
+        Composition::renames(&index, &names, &inherited)
+            .unwrap()
+            .original_edits(&files)
+            .unwrap()
+            .is_empty()
+    );
+    names.insert(global(999), "additional".into());
+    assert_eq!(
+        Composition::renames(&index, &names, &inherited)
+            .unwrap_err()
+            .message,
+        "Source8 lowering entry limit exceeded."
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn composition_checks_edit_record_ceiling_before_duplicate_membership() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let mut limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.entries = 128;
+    limits.references = 32;
+    let ceiling = limits.entries + limits.references;
+    let mut work = Budget::new(limits).unwrap();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut work).unwrap();
+    let mut composition = Composition::renames(&index, &rename_map(), &work).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(composition.original_edits(&sources).unwrap().len(), 13);
+    let duplicate = composition.plan.edits[0].clone();
+    composition.plan.edits = vec![duplicate.clone(); ceiling];
+    // At the exact count bound validation proceeds to the independent ownership
+    // error. The damaged plan never becomes a successful/authoritative batch.
+    assert_eq!(
+        composition.original_edits(&sources).unwrap_err().message,
+        "Forged or duplicate edit occurrence."
+    );
+    composition.plan.edits.push(duplicate);
+    assert_eq!(
+        composition.original_edits(&sources).unwrap_err().message,
+        "Source8 lowering occurrence limit exceeded."
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn standalone_noop_apply_keeps_tighter_file_only_budget_and_output_boundary() {
+    let sources = sources();
+    let mut inherited = budget();
+    let (index, _) = Index::parse(&skeleton(), &sources, &mut inherited).unwrap();
+    let plan = Plan::renames(
+        &index,
+        &BTreeMap::from([(global(0x100), "f".into())]),
+        &inherited,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(plan.edit_count(), 0);
+    assert!(index.names().len() > sources.len());
+    let mut limits = Limits::source8(ParseLimits::UNLIMITED);
+    limits.entries = sources.len();
+    limits.references = 0;
+    limits.bytes = sources.values().map(String::len).sum();
+    // Standalone apply checks file/edit records, not the already validated
+    // catalog/name-storage allocation from construction. Rechecking the catalog
+    // under this intentionally tighter probe budget would reject this no-op.
+    assert_eq!(
+        plan.apply(&sources, &Budget::new(limits).unwrap()).unwrap(),
+        sources
+    );
+    limits.bytes -= 1;
+    assert_eq!(
+        plan.apply(&sources, &Budget::new(limits).unwrap())
+            .unwrap_err()
+            .message,
+        "Source8 index/output byte limit exceeded."
+    );
+}

crates/oa-core/src/language/semantic_source.rs

@@ -194,6 +194,8 @@ pub(super) fn row_key(source: &str, origins: &BTreeMap<Id, Id>) -> Option<String
         cursor: 0,
         value_depth: 0,
         limits: ParseLimits::UNLIMITED,
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        mixed: None,
     };
     let ast = parser.value().ok()?;
     let facet = serde_json::from_value(raw(&ast).ok()?).ok()?;

crates/oa-core/src/source_project.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
 mod source_migration;
 #[path = "source_project/source_structure.rs"]
 mod source_structure;
+pub(crate) mod traversal;
 
 /// A portable slash-separated path, checked at every bundle boundary.
 pub type LogicalPath = String;
@@ -304,71 +305,7 @@ fn compile_once(
     bundle: &SourceBundle,
     limits: ProjectLimits,
 ) -> Result<(CompiledSourceProject, Edits), Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
-    let fail = |code, message| {
-        vec![problem(
-            bundle,
-            &bundle.entry,
-            Span::default(),
-            code,
-            message,
-        )]
-    };
-    if bundle.entry.contains('/') {
-        return Err(fail(
-            "invalid_path",
-            "The entry file must be at the source project root.".into(),
-        ));
-    }
-    if bundle.files.len() > limits.max_files {
-        return Err(fail(
-            "project_limit",
-            format!("Source project exceeds {} files.", limits.max_files),
-        ));
-    }
-    let bytes = bundle
-        .files
-        .values()
-        .fold(0usize, |sum, text| sum.saturating_add(text.len()));
-    if bytes > limits.model.max_source_bytes {
-        return Err(fail(
-            "source_limit",
-            format!(
-                "Combined source exceeds {} bytes.",
-                limits.model.max_source_bytes
-            ),
-        ));
-    }
-    let mut folded = BTreeMap::new();
-    for path in std::iter::once(&bundle.entry).chain(bundle.files.keys()) {
-        if resolve_include("", path).as_ref() != Ok(path) {
-            return Err(fail(
-                "invalid_path",
-                format!("Non-canonical source path '{path}'."),
-            ));
-        }
-        if let Some(previous) = folded.insert(path.to_lowercase(), path)
-            && previous != path
-        {
-            return Err(fail(
-                "duplicate_path",
-                format!("Case-colliding source paths '{previous}' and '{path}'."),
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-    if !bundle.files.contains_key(&bundle.entry) {
-        return Err(fail(
-            "missing_include",
-            "The entry file is missing from the source bundle.".into(),
-        ));
-    }
-
-    enum Visit {
-        Enter(LogicalPath, usize, Option<SourceLocation>),
-        Leave,
-    }
-    let mut stack = vec![Visit::Enter(bundle.entry.clone(), 0, None)];
-    let mut active: Vec<LogicalPath> = Vec::new();
-    let mut visited = BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut traversal = traversal::Traversal::new(bundle, limits)?;
     let mut declarations = Vec::new();
     let mut declaration_paths = Vec::new();
     let mut aliases = BTreeMap::new();
@@ -381,51 +318,8 @@ fn compile_once(
     let mut includes = Vec::new();
     let mut insertions: Edits = BTreeMap::new();
     let mut graph_count = 0usize;
-    while let Some(visit) = stack.pop() {
-        let Visit::Enter(path, depth, origin) = visit else {
-            active.pop();
-            continue;
-        };
-        let at = origin.unwrap_or(SourceLocation {
-            path: path.clone(),
-            span: Span::default(),
-        });
-        if let Some(start) = active.iter().position(|file| file == &path) {
-            let chain = active[start..]
-                .iter()
-                .chain(std::iter::once(&path))
-                .cloned()
-                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-                .join(" -> ");
-            return Err(vec![problem(
-                bundle,
-                &at.path,
-                at.span,
-                "include_cycle",
-                format!("Include cycle: {chain}."),
-            )]);
-        }
-        if depth > limits.max_include_depth {
-            return Err(vec![problem(
-                bundle,
-                &at.path,
-                at.span,
-                "project_limit",
-                format!("Include depth exceeds {}.", limits.max_include_depth),
-            )]);
-        }
-        if !visited.insert(path.clone()) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        let Some(source) = bundle.files.get(&path) else {
-            return Err(vec![problem(
-                bundle,
-                &at.path,
-                at.span,
-                "missing_include",
-                format!("Included file '{path}' is missing."),
-            )]);
-        };
+    while let Some(path) = traversal.next()? {
+        let source = &bundle.files[&path];
         let mut unit = language::parse_unit(source, path == bundle.entry, limits.model).map_err(
             |diagnostic| {
                 vec![SourceDiagnostic {
@@ -513,46 +407,12 @@ fn compile_once(
             declarations.push(declaration);
             declaration_paths.push(path.clone());
         }
-        let mut children = Vec::new();
         for (raw, span) in unit.includes {
-            let target = resolve_include(&path, &raw)
-                .map_err(|message| vec![problem(bundle, &path, span, "invalid_path", message)])?;
-            let location = SourceLocation {
-                path: path.clone(),
-                span,
-            };
-            includes.push(IncludeLocation {
-                location: location.clone(),
-                target: target.clone(),
-            });
-            if includes.len() > limits.max_include_edges {
-                return Err(vec![problem(
-                    bundle,
-                    &path,
-                    span,
-                    "project_limit",
-                    format!("Include graph exceeds {} edges.", limits.max_include_edges),
-                )]);
-            }
-            children.push(Visit::Enter(
-                target,
-                depth.saturating_add(1),
-                Some(location),
-            ));
+            includes.push(traversal.include(&path, &raw, span)?);
         }
-        active.push(path);
-        stack.push(Visit::Leave);
-        stack.extend(children.into_iter().rev());
-    }
-    if let Some(path) = bundle.files.keys().find(|path| !visited.contains(*path)) {
-        return Err(vec![problem(
-            bundle,
-            path,
-            Span::default(),
-            "unreachable_file",
-            "Supplied source file is not reachable from the entry file.",
-        )]);
+        traversal.finish_file(path);
     }
+    traversal.finish()?;
     let header = project_header.expect("validated entry header");
     let index = SourceIndex {
         declarations: declaration_locations,

crates/oa-core/src/source_project/traversal.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+//! Shared include traversal policy for ordinary compilation and private syntax.
+use super::*;
+
+enum Visit {
+    Enter(LogicalPath, usize, Option<SourceLocation>),
+    Leave,
+}
+
+pub(crate) struct Traversal<'a> {
+    bundle: &'a SourceBundle,
+    limits: ProjectLimits,
+    stack: Vec<Visit>,
+    active: Vec<LogicalPath>,
+    visited: BTreeSet<LogicalPath>,
+    children: Vec<Visit>,
+    depth: usize,
+    edges: usize,
+}
+
+impl<'a> Traversal<'a> {
+    pub(crate) fn new(
+        bundle: &'a SourceBundle,
+        limits: ProjectLimits,
+    ) -> Result<Self, Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
+        let fail = |code, message| {
+            vec![problem(
+                bundle,
+                &bundle.entry,
+                Span::default(),
+                code,
+                message,
+            )]
+        };
+        if bundle.entry.contains('/') {
+            return Err(fail(
+                "invalid_path",
+                "The entry file must be at the source project root.".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if bundle.files.len() > limits.max_files {
+            return Err(fail(
+                "project_limit",
+                format!("Source project exceeds {} files.", limits.max_files),
+            ));
+        }
+        let bytes = bundle
+            .files
+            .values()
+            .fold(0usize, |sum, text| sum.saturating_add(text.len()));
+        if bytes > limits.model.max_source_bytes {
+            return Err(fail(
+                "source_limit",
+                format!(
+                    "Combined source exceeds {} bytes.",
+                    limits.model.max_source_bytes
+                ),
+            ));
+        }
+        let mut folded = BTreeMap::new();
+        for path in std::iter::once(&bundle.entry).chain(bundle.files.keys()) {
+            if resolve_include("", path).as_ref() != Ok(path) {
+                return Err(fail(
+                    "invalid_path",
+                    format!("Non-canonical source path '{path}'."),
+                ));
+            }
+            if let Some(previous) = folded.insert(path.to_lowercase(), path)
+                && previous != path
+            {
+                return Err(fail(
+                    "duplicate_path",
+                    format!("Case-colliding source paths '{previous}' and '{path}'."),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        if !bundle.files.contains_key(&bundle.entry) {
+            return Err(fail(
+                "missing_include",
+                "The entry file is missing from the source bundle.".into(),
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(Self {
+            bundle,
+            limits,
+            stack: vec![Visit::Enter(bundle.entry.clone(), 0, None)],
+            active: Vec::new(),
+            visited: BTreeSet::new(),
+            children: Vec::new(),
+            depth: 0,
+            edges: 0,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<LogicalPath>, Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
+        while let Some(visit) = self.stack.pop() {
+            let Visit::Enter(path, depth, origin) = visit else {
+                self.active.pop();
+                continue;
+            };
+            let at = origin.unwrap_or(SourceLocation {
+                path: path.clone(),
+                span: Span::default(),
+            });
+            if let Some(start) = self.active.iter().position(|file| file == &path) {
+                let chain = self.active[start..]
+                    .iter()
+                    .chain(std::iter::once(&path))
+                    .cloned()
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join(" -> ");
+                return Err(vec![problem(
+                    self.bundle,
+                    &at.path,
+                    at.span,
+                    "include_cycle",
+                    format!("Include cycle: {chain}."),
+                )]);
+            }
+            if depth > self.limits.max_include_depth {
+                return Err(vec![problem(
+                    self.bundle,
+                    &at.path,
+                    at.span,
+                    "project_limit",
+                    format!("Include depth exceeds {}.", self.limits.max_include_depth),
+                )]);
+            }
+            if !self.visited.insert(path.clone()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if !self.bundle.files.contains_key(&path) {
+                return Err(vec![problem(
+                    self.bundle,
+                    &at.path,
+                    at.span,
+                    "missing_include",
+                    format!("Included file '{path}' is missing."),
+                )]);
+            }
+            self.depth = depth;
+            return Ok(Some(path));
+        }
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn include(
+        &mut self,
+        path: &str,
+        raw: &str,
+        span: Span,
+    ) -> Result<IncludeLocation, Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
+        let target = resolve_include(path, raw)
+            .map_err(|message| vec![problem(self.bundle, path, span, "invalid_path", message)])?;
+        let location = SourceLocation {
+            path: path.into(),
+            span,
+        };
+        if self.edges >= self.limits.max_include_edges {
+            return Err(vec![problem(
+                self.bundle,
+                path,
+                span,
+                "project_limit",
+                format!(
+                    "Include graph exceeds {} edges.",
+                    self.limits.max_include_edges
+                ),
+            )]);
+        }
+        self.edges += 1;
+        self.children.push(Visit::Enter(
+            target.clone(),
+            self.depth.saturating_add(1),
+            Some(location.clone()),
+        ));
+        Ok(IncludeLocation { location, target })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn finish_file(&mut self, path: LogicalPath) {
+        self.active.push(path);
+        self.stack.push(Visit::Leave);
+        self.stack.extend(self.children.drain(..).rev());
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn finish(self) -> Result<(), Vec<SourceDiagnostic>> {
+        if let Some(path) = self
+            .bundle
+            .files
+            .keys()
+            .find(|path| !self.visited.contains(*path))
+        {
+            return Err(vec![problem(
+                self.bundle,
+                path,
+                Span::default(),
+                "unreachable_file",
+                "Supplied source file is not reachable from the entry file.",
+            )]);
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ordinary_compile_once_keeps_include_order_and_cycle_source_location() {
+        let mut bundle = SourceBundle {
+            entry: "main.arcadia".into(),
+            files: BTreeMap::from([
+                ("main.arcadia".into(), "arcadia 7; project p \"P\" id \"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001\" { include \"dir/left.arcadia\"; include \"dir/right.arcadia\"; }".into()),
+                ("dir/left.arcadia".into(), "include \"../shared.arcadia\";".into()),
+                ("dir/right.arcadia".into(), "include \"../shared.arcadia\";".into()),
+                ("shared.arcadia".into(), "// one shared ordinary fragment\n".into()),
+            ]),
+        };
+        let original = bundle.clone();
+        // This is the existing initial ordinary pass, before schema migration's
+        // separate output/reparse. It makes no public source8 acceptance claim.
+        let (compiled, insertions) =
+            super::super::compile_once(&bundle, ProjectLimits::default()).unwrap();
+        assert!(insertions.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(compiled.bundle, original);
+        assert_eq!(compiled.index.declarations.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(
+            compiled
+                .index
+                .includes
+                .iter()
+                .map(|i| (i.location.path.as_str(), i.target.as_str()))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            [
+                ("main.arcadia", "dir/left.arcadia"),
+                ("main.arcadia", "dir/right.arcadia"),
+                ("dir/left.arcadia", "shared.arcadia"),
+                ("dir/right.arcadia", "shared.arcadia"),
+            ]
+        );
+        let cycle = "// 雪\r\ninclude \"main.arcadia\";";
+        bundle.files.insert("shared.arcadia".into(), cycle.into());
+        let before = bundle.clone();
+        let errors = super::super::compile_once(&bundle, ProjectLimits::default()).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(errors[0].diagnostic.code, "include_cycle");
+        assert_eq!(errors[0].path, "shared.arcadia");
+        assert_eq!(errors[0].diagnostic.line, 2);
+        assert_eq!(
+            &cycle[errors[0].diagnostic.span.start..errors[0].diagnostic.span.end],
+            "include \"main.arcadia\";"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            errors[0].diagnostic.message,
+            "Include cycle: main.arcadia -> dir/left.arcadia -> shared.arcadia -> main.arcadia."
+        );
+        assert_eq!(bundle, before);
+    }
+}

crates/oa-core/src/validation.rs

@@ -180,14 +180,96 @@ fn check_ids(out: &mut Vec<Issue>, owner: Id, field: &str, ids: &[Id]) {
 }
 
 pub fn validate(p: &Project) -> Vec<Issue> {
+    validate_with_usage(p).0
+}
+
+/// Runs the shared static/architectural route once and retains successful static
+/// metadata without retaining a Project-borrowing environment. Architectural
+/// issue production is outside the static meter and any caller auxiliary ledger;
+/// callers must reserve separately before mapping or retaining these issues.
+pub(crate) fn validate_with_usage(
+    p: &Project,
+) -> (
+    Vec<Issue>,
+    Option<(
+        crate::analysis::AdmissionLimits,
+        crate::analysis::AdmissionUsage,
+    )>,
+) {
     // Bound analysis trees before architectural visitors can clone an element.
     // Admission itself never enters this public validator recursively.
-    if let Err(failure) = crate::analysis::admit_structure_checked(p, crate::analysis::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE) {
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        error(&mut out, failure.object, &failure.code, &failure.field, failure.message);
-        return out;
+    let environment = match crate::analysis::admit_structure_checked(
+        p,
+        crate::analysis::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE,
+    ) {
+        Ok(environment) => environment,
+        Err(failure) => {
+            let mut out = Vec::new();
+            error(
+                &mut out,
+                failure.object,
+                &failure.code,
+                &failure.field,
+                failure.message,
+            );
+            return (out, None);
+        }
+    };
+    let metadata = (
+        environment.admission_limits(),
+        environment.admission_usage(),
+    );
+    drop(environment);
+    (validate_structure(p), Some(metadata))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod shared_admission_tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn successful_static_metadata_survives_architectural_warnings() {
+        let mut project = Project::empty();
+        project.name.clear();
+        let (issues, metadata) = validate_with_usage(&project);
+        let (limits, usage) = metadata.expect("static admission succeeds");
+        assert_eq!(limits, crate::analysis::AdmissionLimits::REFERENCE);
+        assert!(usage.static_events > 0);
+        assert_eq!(usage.stored_expression_nodes, 0);
+        assert!(issues.iter().any(|issue| issue.code == "unnamed"
+            && issue.element == Some(project.id)
+            && issue.severity == Severity::Warning));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn static_failure_returns_no_metadata_and_skips_architectural_warnings() {
+        use crate::analysis::{
+            AnalysisType, Binding, CalculationDefinition, Definition, DefinitionBody, ScalarType,
+        };
+        let mut project = Project::empty();
+        project.name.clear();
+        let key = Id::from_u128(10);
+        project.definitions.insert(
+            key,
+            Definition {
+                id: Id::from_u128(11),
+                alias: "f".into(),
+                name: "F".into(),
+                description: String::new(),
+                body: DefinitionBody::Calculation(CalculationDefinition {
+                    parameters: Vec::new(),
+                    result: AnalysisType::Scalar(ScalarType::Number),
+                    body: Binding::Unbound,
+                }),
+            },
+        );
+        let (issues, metadata) = validate_with_usage(&project);
+        assert!(metadata.is_none());
+        assert_eq!(issues.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(issues[0].severity, Severity::Error);
+        assert_eq!(issues[0].element, Some(key));
+        assert_eq!(issues[0].code, "identity_mismatch");
     }
-    validate_structure(p)
 }
 
 /// Architecture/header validation without recursively re-entering analysis admission.

harness/analysis-mixed-project-implementation-20260923.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Private mixed Project implementation
+
+Source-only checkpoint; compilation and runtime acceptance are pending. Base is `a578ac98a06772a60bec00ae287e65650680d119`. The accepted contract is `aecee2aff3f4410648a501a70cb2e6160c81adc5:harness/analysis-mixed-project-contract-20260923.md`; this note records implementation choices, not a replacement specification.
+
+`mixed::project::resolve` consumes the actual complete syntax witness. The sealed result retains Project, warnings, static admission metadata, original syntax/Budget/ProjectLimits/bundle, unchanged expression/occurrence vectors and their canonical file keys. Only Project/warnings are exposed read-only. The empty Project header is copied into model ownership; the original header remains in syntax. No declarations, typed models, tokens or Exact values are reparsed to establish authority.
+
+The catalog seeds the entry first and merges ordinary/typed headers by original declaration start within canonical file order. It checks alias before global ID, retaining both occurrence owners on collision. Existing typed-only catalog precedence remains unchanged. Parameter names/IDs remain calculation scoped. Ordinary construction is the shared existing loop with a pre-field hook; its legacy wrapper preserves source3 scratch and all migration/admission tails. Typed lowering shares the existing body resolver over borrowed declarations and one complete catalog. Moved model records must be disjoint before insertion.
+
+## Live auxiliary storage
+
+Every reservation uses checked arithmetic and tests the aggregate through the inherited Budget's noncharging entry, occurrence and owned-byte checks. No new Budget or reset occurs. Failure aborts the phase. Logical slots are not allocator capacity/RSS.
+
+| Representation | Reservation and end of lifetime |
+| --- | --- |
+| Original syntax | Retained mixed metadata subtotal plus parsed syntax entries. Includes the existing conservative dropped value-end subtotal. Tokens/positions are not counted a second time. An iterative walk counts separately owned strings, with each counting-stack push reserved first. Source bytes stay separately charged once. Baseline remains live. |
+| Complete catalog | Lower aliases+global ID set: two entries/global and owned alias bytes. Scoped parameter map: one entry/calculation plus one entry/name and copied name bytes. Per-signature temporary ID set reserves one entry/parameter and releases after `Tables::typed` returns. |
+| Alias projection and diagnostic owners | One entry+copied alias bytes/global for projection; one entry/global for owner registry. Projection drops after construction, owner registry after diagnostic mapping. Both overlap the lower catalog initially. |
+| Ordinary coordination | One borrowed `(file,declaration)` entry/ordinary occurrence. One deferred-node entry before that declaration's field cloning. Release after construction/attachment returns and the views drop. |
+| Typed lowering | Bounded syntax walk counts N expressions, A supplied call arguments, O emitted occurrences. Reserve `5N+2A` entries and O occurrences before lowering. N entries are retained expression sites. Temporaries are bounded by 2N Visit/Build slots, N borrowed child slots, N value/split slots, A call-parameter slots and A seen-set slots. Hold this conservative whole-phase allowance until all Resolver temporaries die; then release only the difference from actual retained global sites. |
+| Mapped diagnostics | Before retention, reserve one output slot, copied canonical path bytes and transferred Issue code/field/message String bytes. No line cache is allocated. Owner registry and syntax/sites remain live during mapping. Failure cannot produce truncated-warning success. |
+
+The call signature is borrowed from the already accounted catalog; no lowerer allocation grows with unprovided callee parameters. Unknown/incomplete calls cannot exceed the supplied-argument bound. O includes parameter declarations, scalar-type references, non-null optional references, call targets/labels and expression reference forms; headers and display text count only as text. Failed lowering drops all partial output with its reservation.
+
+Model/serde allocations and architectural validation's raw Issue vector/strings/indexes remain explicitly outside this preallocation ledger. Model limits are checked on the complete Project; static analysis retains its existing independent meter. Raw Issues are never retained uncharged in an accepted result. Rejection diagnostics are small error transport outside accepted-witness storage, so exhaustion itself remains reportable.
+
+The ordinary hook selects exactly Process/FunctionalChain/Scenario steps, Occurrence Branch occurrences, and ContextualLink source then target reference arrays before field resolution/cloning. Repeated items count separately; scalar parent/owner, endpoint occurrence, unrelated fields and every Trace baseline snapshot are excluded. Recognizable malformed arrays are charged before the unchanged decoder reports their shape errors.
+
+## Admission, mapping and verification
+
+`validation::validate_with_usage` performs one static admission, copies owned usage/limits, drops the borrowing environment, then performs one architecture validation. `validate` uses the same route and returns its Issues. Static failure preserves the original short circuit. The mixed path maps all Issues and refuses any error. Known typed fields map precisely; unsupported semantic field paths, including the current aggregate `parameters`, explicitly fall back to their owner. Exact scoped-parameter lowerer failures retain their original file and full span; UUID substrings never manufacture precision.
+
+Authored tests cover whole OA/SA models and exact warnings; a complete 15-expression/18-occurrence arena oracle with repeated/reordered calls, scoped UUID reuse and coincident file offsets; catalog collisions; ordinary reference selectors/cumulative limits; simultaneous storage and diagnostic-path copying; inherited nested records; legacy scratch/default/errors; static/architecture refusal; parameter diagnostic fallback; large-signature incomplete calls; and 128 KiB success/rejection cleanup. The full model/site oracle was independently designed before implementation. Tests are unexecuted at this checkpoint.
+
+Required later gates: Windows listing, focused new Project tests, complete private typed tests (including lower/index/update and small-stack controls), existing public parser/traversal/migration regressions with preserved baseline disposition, and strict all-target core Clippy. The known inherited formatting/full-suite failures must remain explicit. Source formatting is a parsing check, not typechecking or runtime evidence.
+
+Index construction/verification, ordinary occurrence indexing, old-updater access, public source8 activation, stabilization, mixed edit composition, output recompile/admission, intended-Project equality and root Scenario/editor reconciliation remain deferred. `index.rs` and `update.rs` are unchanged.